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Home My WebLink About1983 Lansing Fire Department 1983 Annual ReportLANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT 1983 ANNUAL REPORT • LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT 1983 ANNUAL REPORT TERRY J. McKANE Mayor MARK R. HOLLIDAY Fire Chief LANSING FIRE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS Richard E. Paulson, Chairman Lance R. Lynch, Vice Chairman Jeanne C. Barker Ralph E. Kauffman, Jr. John Lewis Russell W. Sheathelm Jeanette Squires Max G. Zemer Dianna L. Emerson, Board Secretary ff LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT' 120 East Shiawassee Lansing, Michigan 48933 (517) 483-4563 Mark R. Holliday, Fire Chief January 1, 1983 December 31, 1983 To the Honorable Mayor Terry J. McKane: On behalf of the Lansing Fire Board and the. members of the Lansing Fire Department, I am pleased to present the Annual Report for 1983. This report documents the fact that Lansing and its citizens continued to receive the finest up-to-date Fire Protection and Emergency Medical Services possible. Throughout 1983 our in-service residential inspection program was given increased emphasis. This contributed to Lansing's low $14.43 per capita fire loss (based on a population of 130.,600), which is well below the state average of $25.62. The adjusted fire loss for 1983 is only two percent of the total value of the property involved. During 1983 the Fire Department initiated a voluntary physical fitness program for all department members. Documentation shows that this program is: producing positive results.. In another program started in 1983 each of our Fire Inspectors were assigned responsi- bility for specific areas. of the City's commercial buildings. This program will insure regular building inspections and closer contact between the Fire Prevention Bureau and building owners. The year 1983 also saw the formation of voluntary Hazardous Material Teams in the department. Approximately seventy-four people have been trained in the proper handling of hazardous material. Our Spanish speaking classes were also continued during 1983. Our future success depends on the continued support of the Administration, all City agencies, and the cooperation of Lansing's citizens. With this support we can and will provide the City with a safe environment in which to enjoy our daily lives:. Respectfully submitted, E/ IC ge6-6, � Mark R. Holliday, Fire Chief /dle ii "Equal Opportunity Employer" TERRY J. McKANE Mayor iii LANSING FIRE BOARD During 1983 the Lansing Fire Department continued to provide the City of Lansing with_ the finest possible fire and emergency medical services protection. The information contained in this Annual Report supports that fact. Long-standing programs were continued in full and several new programs that should enhance the department's service to the people of Lansing were initiated during the year. The Fire Board once again wishes to thank the Mayor's Office and the City Council for the cooperation we received during 1983. We also enjoyed the.full support of the Fire Department Administration as well as that of all the members of the department. It is this spirit that makes the Fire Department one of Lansing's finest public services. BOARD OF FIRE COMMISSIONERS Richard E. Paulson, Chairman iv RICHARD E. PAULSON Chairman LANCE R. LYNCH Vice Chairman JEANNE C. BARKER JOHN LEWIS RALPH E. KAUFFMAN RUSSELL W. SHEATHELM JF -AL., M JEANETTE SQUIRES MAX G. ZEMER v TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory Letter - Chief Mark R. Holliday------------------ ii Picture - Mayor Terry J.,McKane------------------------------` iii Letter and Pictures - Lansing Fire Board---------------------- iv, v ALARMS ; a. Accidental Alarms------------------------------------- 16 b. Alarms per Month--------------------------------------- 65 c. Building Fires------------------------------------------ 20 - 24 d. Comparison of Alarms from 1974-1983--------------------- 66, 67 e. False Alarms-------------------------------------------- 16 f. Greatest Number of Alarms in One Day-------------------- 16 g. Longest Period of Time without an Alarm----------------- 16 h. Method Received---------- ---------------------------------------- 16 i. Still Alarms---------------------------- -------------- 20 - 24 j. Total Alarms-------------------------------------------- 16, 24 APPARATUS a. Capacity and Date of Purchase--------------------------- 80, 81 ,b. Company Operations----------------------------------- 62 • c. Fire Apparatus and Motor Vehicles in Service---------- 80, 81 d. Response Areas: Engines and Ladders-------------------- 63, 64 e. Work Accomplished by all Fire Companies=---------------- 62 Auxiliary ----------------------------------------- 89 Box 23 Associates--------------------------------------------- 90 Buildings----------------------------------------------------- 3 Causes of Alarms for Other than Building Fires---------------- 26 Causes of Fires in Buildings (Number of Fires/Losses)--------- 27 Census Tract and Statistics----------------------------------- 20 - 2 Chaplain----------------------------------------------------- 1 Classification of Buildings Fires----------------------------- 65 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES a. Ambulances 41, 42, and 44 - Summary of Alarms----------- 40 1. Number of Alarms Responded To----------------------- 40 2. Number of Patients Treated-------------------------- 40 3.. Number of Advanced Service Alarm Responses---------- 40 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES - Continued b. Ambulance Runs - Time of Day--------------------------- 41 c. Cause for Calls---------------------------------------- 39 d. Comparison of Alarms from 1974-1983------------------- 66, 67 e. Location of Calls-------------------------------------- 39 f. Response Area----------------------------------------- 42 g. Total Alarms------------------------------------------ 20=24, 39 Explorer Post 421------------------------------------------- 92 FIRE DEPARTMENT DIVISIONS a. Administration--------------------------------------- 89 10, 11, 12 b. Alarm------------------------------------------------ 10, 14, 15 c. Dispatch--------------------------------------------- 10, 17, 18 d. Emergency Medical Service'------------------------------ 9, 37, 38 e. Maintenance------------------------------------------- 10, 43, 44 f. Fire Prevention-------------------------------------- 9, 47 - 58 g. Fire Suppression --------------------------------------- 9, 60, 61 h. Training----------------------------------------------- 10,'73-77 i. Central Garage----------------------------------------- 78, 79 Fire Department Dollar--------------------------------------- 13 Fire Fatalities---------------------------------------------- 29., 59, 82-87 Fire Hose in Service------------7---------------------------- 46 FIRE LOSSES a. Adjustment of Losses.---------------------------------- 16 b. Amount of Fire Loss from Separate Causes--------------- 65 c. Building Fire Losses per.Census Tract------------------- 20.- 24 d. Classification of Building Fires----------------------- 65 e. Comparison of Fire Losses from 1974-1983--------------- 68 f. Day of Week - 1983------=---------------------------- 71 9. Day of Week - 1977 thru 1983--------------------------- 72 h. Fires Causing Loss of $4,000 or More------------------- 30 - 33 i. Loss to Buildings: and Contents------------------------ 16, 20-24 j. Losses.from Arson------------------------------------- 34 - 36 k. Losses -by the Month for 1983-------------------------- 65 1. Major Fires in Lansing (History) -------------- 82 - 87 m. Per Capita Loss per Population------------------------ 16 1. Comparison per Capita -Dollar Loss & Fire Deaths-- 59, 66 n. Percentage of Total Loss per Census Tract-------------- 20 - 24 o. Property Classification of Losses---------------------- 25 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued FIRE LOSSES - Continued • p. Time of Day - 1983------------------------------------ 69 q. Time of Day - 1979 thru 1983--------------------------- 70 Inspections, Investigations, and Complaints------------------ 47 Objectives------------------------------------------------- 9 - 12 Organizational Chart----------------------------------------- 2 Personnel--------------------------------------------------- 4 - 6 Population and Square Mile Area of City--------------------- 20 Records Set for One Day, One Month,, and One Year-------------- 19 Retirements--------------------------------------------------- 7 Summary of Records from 1974-1983---------------------------- 66 Training Programs and Manhours------------------------------ 76, 77 Union.Local#421--------------------------------------------- 91' Valuation of Buildings & Contents Where Fires Occurred------- 16, 20-24 Water Mains and City & Private Water Hydrants---=------------- 45 (photographs. Compliments of Commissioner Richard E. Paulson) viii REPORT OF THE CHAPLAIN, JAMES A. SCHALKHAUSER LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT The functions of the Fire Department Chaplain include being available to fire- fighters and their families as a friend and counselor, helping to meet the unique mental, emotional, and spiritual needs of those whose work is protecting the lives and property of others, and serving the citizens of this community by offering comfort and assistance in times of tragic personal loss. From my point of view, the work I do as Fire Chaplain is a special privilege because the people I seek to serve, especially the firefighters, are very special people! Included in my activities during the past year were visiting Department personnel who were hospitalized or JAMES A. SCHALKHAUSER recuperating from illness or injury at home, counseling individuals and couples, officiating in funeral services for personnel or members of their families, and attending special functions and events in an official capacity. On Memorial Day weekend I participated in what is now the annual recognition of firefighters who have lost their lives in the line of duty. This observance is held at the grave of the "unknown fireman" in the Mt. Hope Cemetery. A presentation by the Chaplain to those training for work as firefighters was included in the training schedule this year. It provided an opportunity to share with recruits important information about the "hazards" of the job that are not just physical... the emotional stress and the stress put on a firefighter's marriage and family. I regard this kind of session as a way of helping prepare individuals more adequately for their work as firefighters so that perhaps they can avoid some of the problems which the job can create. Work was also started on a project to improve the quality of marriage relationships for Department personnel. A marriage enrichment s-eminar was planned with the help of staff from the Institute of Attitude Behavior Modification. This is an attempt to deal seriously with the problems of marital conflict and marriage failures among Fire Department personnel and their spouses. I hope to be able to continue to offer this and similar kinds of programs which can help to head off problems before they reach the crisis stage. I thank the Administrative staff and all the members of the Department and, also, the Commissioners of the Fire Board for their support and encouragement and for their friendship. I look forward to continued service as Chaplain in the Lansing Fire Department. Sincerely, James A. Schalkhauser, Fire Chaplain 1 Revised 12/8/82 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION MAYOR FIRE BOARD CHIEF HOLLIDAY ASSISTANT CHIEF PILING ASSISTANT CHIEF BESLEY SUPPRESSION -PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT SUPPRESSION -TRAINING RULES & REGULATIONS DEPUTY CHIEF SUPPRESSION DEPUTY CHIEF CIVIL DEFENSE & DEPARTMENT POLICIES SUPPORT SERVICES LABOR RELATIONS E.M.S. GRANTS & PUBLIC RELATIONS STAFFING PREVENTION DEPARTMENT RECORDS PRE -FIRE PLANNING APPARATUS & EQUIPMENT ALARM SUPPLIES & CLOTHING DISPATCH TRAINING MAINTENANCE 2 � � CITY OF LANGING, MICHIGAN , FIRE DEPARTMENT BUILDINGS No. I Station, Headquarters & Fire Carage� - 120 E. ShiAwassee St, No. 2 Station - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2ll�rao6 River - � � .. ,� ` '~ No. ] Station _ - - = - - - - - - - - - - - - 629 1��Vat Hillsdale St. No. 4 Station - _ - --- - - - - 5550 G. Pennsylvania No. 5 Station - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Avenue l82l Todd No, 7Station - ,- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 629 North Jenison Avenue No. 8 Station - - - - - - - - = - - - - - - - 815 Marshall Street No. 9 Station - - - - - - - -- _ - - - _ _ _ 520 Glendale Avenue No, lU`Stutloo= - - - - -.- - - - - - - .- - 37089leaaaot Grove Road Fire Alarm Building � - = - - - - - � .- - - - `l000�Fllley Street ,Training Academy - - - - - _ - - - - - - 3015 Alpha Street Fire Prevention Bureau - - - -- - - - - - - 815 Marshall, Lower Level LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION Mark R. Holliday Lawrence F. Pung William B. Besley Dianna L. Emerson Raquel Montalvo ALARM Glenn D. Daiss, Superintendent Robert L. Manns, Asst. Supt. DISPATCH Thayer G. Lillie, Chief Dispatcher Rodger L. LaLonde, Asst. Ch. Disp. Roger Wolcott, Dispatcher Fire Chief Assistant Chief Assistant Chief Admin. Assistant Senior Clerk David Taylor, Lineman Thomas Vasilion, Comm. Tech.. LaVern Counseller, Dispatcher Randall S. Johnson, Dispatcher Larry R. Houghton, Dispatcher EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES Roy L. Zigler Instructor/Coordinator FIRE PREVENTION Leonard D. Labioda, Fire Marshal Armand Brown, Inspector Ronald C. Freeman, Inspector James W'. Ballard, Inspector Lawrence J. Devlin, Inspector Leslie H. Hunter, Inspector James Scheidt, Inspector Clarence J. Griggs, Inspector Robert J. O'Brien, Inspector Terrell L. Nadeau,< Inspector Anna M. Dingman, Interm. Clerk. Emily A. Petersen, Drafting Aide TRAINING Robert L. Hodges James E. Florian MAINTENANCE Darwyn L. Sample Henry B. Houghtaling 4 Chief Instructor Captain Instructor Maintenance Supervisor Maintenance Worker Lansing Fire Department Personnel Continued FIRE. SUPPRESSION DEPUTY CHIEFS Jack R. Cushman Charles W. Zerkle Richard J. Miller Richard F. Bailey Victor J. Rairigh Raymond M. Miller CAPTAINS Joseph. Nemeth William Wilkins Stephen Malatinsky Marvin Stump Russell Holliday LaVerne Foess James Reck Rolland Case Carlton Meredith. Richard Esch John Dennany Jack Miner Merle Anderson Marvin Compson John Devlin Richard Wilson 'Rodney Ray Leo Savoie Justin Gehrholz Robert Schaible David Spitzley John Volz Daniel Decker Robert B.urghdoff Maurice Powers R. Steven Willard Carl Hufnagel Jerry Ericks Hueston Smith LIEUTENANTS Walter Barnes Robert Bissell Phillip Randall Miles Green Michael Radigan .Gerald Meredith Clarence Dell Terry Hinman Martin Lemons William McElroy Carl Rinckey Joseph Malatinsky Larry Earls, 5 Melvin Lear Samuel Hopkins Kenneth Carter Lee Sawdy Thomas LaViolette Ronald Cashin Thomas Merchant Donald Pricco Neal Wright Harold Finney Robert Kelly Lynn VanderMoere Rodney Hunt Lansing Fire Department Personnel Continued ENGINEERS Raymond Doyle David Abendroth Henderson Bodiford Donald Dennany Gary Lee Thomas. Phillip•Vasilion Bert Gadaleto James: Tycocki James- Stampski Wesley Frayer Lynn Bullard Richard Lewis Arthur Dorn Wayne Templer Paul H.ufnagel- Lawrence Atkinson James Bissell John Cushman Gary Powers Burnard Elliott Jack Sharp Michael Miller Harry Powers Charles Doherty Robert Leadbitter Larry Flitton Robert Ness David Pleshek Roger Weber John Craf'ton Keith Pardee Gene Bateman .Dennis Freeman Clyde Lickman Fred Pratt Bruce Wood Andrew Jackson James Oleniczak Robert Brown David Miller Michael Dixon Michael Betcher Montague Thocker Lawrence Hufnagel Gregory Keast Arthur Overly Craig Rice' Kevin Radigan Douglas Watters Gary Cuthrie Michael Freeman Michael Gurecki FIREFIGHTERS Patrick Debnar Timothy Parks Daniel Kowalesky Dennis Bickerstaff Raymond Enright Daniel Ziolkowski Robert Labioda Marvin Helmker Jack Burris James. Farhat David Weisenber g e Jack Redburn William Fercho Donald Sturdivant. John Donovan JohnPaulDonovan Richard Alexander Phillip Thomas. Reynaldo Gonzales William Cochran Douglas Thomas Stephen Fraser William Karnes, Brian Davis Gary Burnett John T binka Y Paul Luzynski Ernest Carpenter Joseph Rowan David Morris- Glenn Cook, Jr. Barry Gaukel Robert Wade Cornelius Robinson Mujahid Abdul-Hameed Gerald Dunn Dean Lardie Charles Reeves: Carlos Villegas Michael Jones Dennis George Joseph DeFors. Roberto Urrabazo Brian Crawford Robert Belknap Charles Strahan Ronald Jenkins Carl Yarsevicfi. Michael Hellum Robert Wallace Jeffrey Orler Kirt Baker Joseph Droste Gary Clevenger Bruce Freeman Brian Gaukel Kevin West Thomas -Roush Henry Schmidt Patrick Goff Laurence Wahl Christian Cook Maximo Anguiano Wendall Trowbridge Timothy Dell Michael Christensen Gar Brown Y David Codd�.ngton Mart Wade Y Ralph Craft John Baker John.McKinley Douglas Simons Bernard Robke Kenneth Jones. Pamela Oakes James Bashore Peter Wilson Mallory Willis Louis Lemus Barry Edwards Charles Hendrickson David Droste Hall John Lance Thomas L. Shaver Russell Russell Thocker . John -Dyer Nadeem Zarka Thomas: A. Shaver Steven Bolenbaugh. Leon Parker Richard Grant, Jr. John Feldpausch JeffreyAustin Michael Lewis Larry Martin Daniel Stebbins. LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT 1983 RETIREMENTS YEARS OF EMPLOYEE SERVICE Captain Donald R. Reynolds 26 yr. 3 mo. Engineer Thomas. A. Jensen 23 yr. 6 mo. (Duty Disability Pension) Fire Marshal Gordon E. Adsit 30 yr. 2 mo. Deputy Chief Thomas D;. McNamara 28 yr. 3 mo. (Training Instructor) Captain Dale L,.. Orl,er 24 yr. 8 mo., (Duty Disability,, Pension), Captain Jack W., Gaukel. 30 yr. 2'mo. Captain Henry S. Loszewski, 31 yr. 9'mo.: Engineer Gary D:. Bogart; 16, yr._ 1. mop., (Duty Disability Pension) Deputy Chief Calvin:HYldenbrand{ 32'yr. & mo. .EMPLOYEE -- Fireman Thomas. C., Maier Fireman Kenneth_Rerozaa. 1983- RESIGNATIONS: YEARS OF SERVICE 12.years 6yr._9mo. 7; DATE RETIRED 1/7/83 3/4/83 4/9/83' 5/2/83 7/20183- 7/11/81 8'/,12/ 8'3 9/21/91 10/13/95 DATE 5/30/83 10/2/83, ADMINISTRATION MARK R. HOLLIDAY Chief LAWRENCE F. PUNG Assistant Chief WILLIAM B. BESLEY Assistant Chief CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN FIRE DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES The basic organization of the Lansing Fire Department remained unchanged _.during 1983, however, some new goals were established and in most cases were accomplished. Both the Fire Board and the Administration feel that the efficiency and methods employed by the department are being improved through an ongoing program. The current organization of the Fire Department consists of eight divisions utilizing 243 persons. The following paragraphs will list each of the eight divisions and give a brief summary of their objectives and accomplish- ments for 1983. FIRE PREVENTION During 1983 the Fire Prevention division conducted an accelerated home inspection program. 3,603 homes were contacted and of that number 1,422 homes were actually inspected. This was a joint effort between the Fire Prevention and Fire Suppression divisions. This program gives us direct contact with homeowners and enables us to clear up many fire hazards at the time of inspection. Arson fires increased by 103% during 1983. By increased effort our arson investigators were responsible for a 42% apprehension rate. National average is 11%. To increase efficiency in the fire prevention area each of our fire inspectors has been assigned a district to cover. It will be their responsibility to inspect all industrial or business buildings in their area at least once a year. Lansing had two fire fatalities during the year, all of which were in residential buildings. FIRE SUPPRESSION Fire suppression continued to perform in an exceptional manner in spite of the reductions in manpower. This was accomplished by updating some of our existing equipment with deck guns to increase fire attack power. By the revision and updating of certain procedures fire suppression efficiency was held at a high level. Our Hazardous Material Response Team concept is nearing fruition. The training of eighty-one persons in hazardous material handling.will be completed in the near future. Hazardous materials are becoming an increasing problem in the Lansing area making it expedient to have well -trained response teams. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE The Fire Department continued to provide high quality paramedic service to Lansing's citizens throughout 1983. Three ambulances are in service at all times, with two ambulances in reserve. In order to comply with State and local regulations our paramedics'are constantly undergoing continuing education programs to keep up with advancing technology. The Fire Board and Union E.M.S. committees are studying methods to attract more personnel into our paramedic.ranks. 9 Fire Department Objectives ,(Continued) TRAINING Training is an ongoing program in the Fire Department.Technology changes constantly requiring that all personnel be updated in the latest methods. Two ,classes of new recruits were trained during ,1983. DISPATCH Experience is -the keynote of our dispatch system. During 1983 our dispatchers handled 10,§52 alaims.' Dispatch operated with basically the same equipment that has been used in the past. We are looking into increased use of the computer system.. ALARM DIVISION Al though.all of the city's street alarm boxes have been removed there are still hundreds of miles of cable to be removed. This will involve terminal rewiring in many cases. -MAINTENANCE Our Maintenance Division insured prompt equipment,repair during 1983. Considering the age of Fire Department rigs and equipment the Maintenance Division has maintained all equipment to a high degree. The division is responsible for the maintenance and filling of all department Scott paks as well as servicing outside departments at a cost to those departments. ADMINISTRATION The Fire Department is administered by the Fire Chief and two Assistant Chiefs. They provide the leadership, set policy and maintain the rules necessary for efficient opbration of the department.. They are assisted by an Administrative Assistant who supervises all office operations. Functions of the Administration Division are as follows: 1. Policy formulation and organizational planning, including establishing and maintaining organization .structure, pre- paring alternative plans for resource utilization, etc. 2. Supervision personnel in operation of Fire Department and delegating responsibility to appropriate personnel, 3. Preparation and presentation of budget requests. 4. Responding to emergency situations and making necessary emergency decisions, etc.. 10. Fire Department Objectives (Continued) 5. Labor relations, conferences with union, handling grievances and participating in contract negotiation efforts. 6. Public relations and community education, including attending conferences with other agencies or groups, making speeches, etc. 7. Program evaluation and modification. 8. Training of supervisory personnel in procedural changes, etc.. 9. Consultation with other City departments and officials. 10. Preparation and maintenance of records, reports, responses to inquiries, etc. BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT The -Fire Department is responsible for twelve buildings consisting of nine fire stations, two training buildings and one communication building. We have fifty-two vehicles in service including the ambulances referred to in the E.M.S. section. NEW PROGRAMS An aggressive affirmative action recruitment program was initiated in 1983. A committee of firefighters- and the City Personnel Department developed an excellent presentation, which has been given at Community Centers throughout Lansing. The intent is to recruit qualified minorities to the Lansing Fire Department. An excellent voluntary physical fitness program was started in October of 1983. This program has been very well received by Fire Department personnel. Accurate testing and follow-up procedures have established the value of the regimen that our.firefighters are following. Our Explorer Post was expanded during 1983 to thirteen active scouts. The members of the Post have received training in basic firefighting and will be undergoing E.M.T. training shortly. The,Post has developed an "adopt a hydrant plan." The Post will soon be well uniformed thanks to a $2,000 donation from Local #421 of the Firefighter's Union. PUBLIC RELATIONS Assistant Chief William Besley continued his assignment as Public Relations Officer. In this position he coordinates all information released to the news media. In April of 1983 a very successful press party was held'to acquaint the press with Fire Department operations. 11 Fire Department Objectives (Continued) LABOR RELATIONS Assistant Chief Lawrence Pung is the Department's Labor Relations Officer. He works -closely with the City's Labor Relations Office and is an active part of negotiations. This concludes our summary of Lansing Fire'Department activities for the calendar year 150. the Department continued to serve the Citizens of Lansing with a high degree of professionalism. This was accomplished with.the support of the City Administration, the help of all other City agencies, and the teamwork of Lans1hg's�Citizens. 12 CITY OF LANS;ING, MICHIGAN THE FIRE DEPARTMENT DOLLAR Salaries (Holiday Pay, Food Allowance, $6,590,938 Overtime, and Longevity) Utilities 150,000. Equipment 286;446. Operating Supplies & Miscellaneous Expenses 92,195 Repair and Maintenance 26,03q Chemicals 8100.0 TOTAL FY 83/84 BUDGET: $7,153,618 13 ALARM DIVISION GLENN D. DAISS Superintendent of Alarm 14 ALARM DIVISION The Fire Alarm Division is comprised of one Superintendent of alarm, one Assistant Superintendent, one Communication Technician, and one Lineman. Operation locations encompass all Fire Department buildings and all sections of the City where fire alarm cable, communication cable, and equipment exist. The division maintains alarm wire and radio emergency boxes, underground• cable and aerial cable throughout the City. Other functions are as follows: 1. Repair and maintain alarm reception and dispatching equipment (alarm circuits in the wire system and voice alarm circuits from dispatch to stations). 2. Maintain station alarm reception and acknowledgmenvequipment. 3. Maintain radio alarm boxes and battery charger back-up system. 4. Check and test the generator at No. 1 Station for back-up system. 5. Install and maintain electrical wiring on all apparatus for use of electrical equipment. 6. Maintaining records and preparing reports. 7. Snow removal at all department buildings and the Radio Lab. 8. Rewire and rebuild 500 watt lights for rigs, cord reels, hand lanterns, and smoke ejectors. Fire drills are held throughout the year with the Fire Marshal's Division, and new installations are tested. Master boxes are tested twice annually. School and pool boxes are tested three times annually. The Fire Alarm Division has removed all street boxes as per the City Council Policy that was adopted in the 1981-1982 budget, and we are now removing master boxes from buildings on the wire system and going to radio boxes. The members of this division are -very appreciative for the cooperation we Have received from the other divisions of the Fire Department, the members of all City departments, utility groups and personnel that we have served with during the past year. 15 CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN ALARMS AND FIRE LOSSES - 1983 Number of telephone alarms-------------------------------- 1,075 Number of cry alarms-------------------------------------- 133 Number of radio alarms------------------------------------ 2,154 Number of alarms received from 9-1-1 Center--------------- 7',255 Number of alarms received by alarm boxes------------------ 301 Number of A.D.T. alarms----------------------------------- 34 TOTAL NUMBER OF ALARMS RECEIVED----------------------- 105952 Greatest number of alarms in one day (July 21)------------ 61 False alarms coming through the alarm boxes--------------- 71 False alarms received over the telephone ------ ----- ------- 151 Accidental alarms----------------------------------------- 449 Longest period of time without an alarm: 11 hrs. - 14 min. (March 14 from 2234 to March 15 at 0948 hours) Value of buildings where fires occurred-------------- 892,512,424 Value of contents of buildings ---------------- .------- 278,418,724 Amount of insurance carried on buildings-----=------- 896,416,914 Amount of insurance carried on contents-------------- 278,611,924 Loss on buildings where fires occurred--------------= 1,390,316.56 Loss on contents where fires occurred---------------- 494,773.53 TOTAL LOSS--------------------------------------- 1,885,090.09 Insurance adjustments for buildings------------------ 1,363,916.56 Insurance adjustments on contents-------------------- 422,383.53 Uninsured loss to buildings ----------------------- Uninsured loss 'to,contents--------------------------- TOTAL UNINSURED LOSS----------------------------- Loss-per,capital, based on a population of 130,600--- Area?: 34.06 Square Miles 16 26,400 72,390 98,790 $14.43 DISPATCH THAYER G. LILLIE Chief Dispatcher 17 DISPATCH DIVISION The Dispatch Division is a six -person division responsible for all communications pertaining to all fire and ambulance calls from the citizens of Lansing. The dispatching of apparatus and communication with personnel at fire scenes and coordination of equipment are also major areas of responsibility for the Dispatch Division. All ambulance responses and fire records are maintained by the Dispatch Division. During the period covered by this report, the division processed 10,952 emergency fire and ambulance responses. 18 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT RECORDS CATEGORY DATE FOR ONE DAY: Ambulance Alarms. January 27, 1979 Fire Alarms June 7, 1963 Total Alarms (44 types) June 7, 1963 January 27, -1,978 False Box Alarms 4914Pt 14, 1945 (V-j PAY) FOR ONE MONTH: Ambulance.Alarms July 1980 Fire Alarms AqpI4§t 1975 Total Alarms (All M90 PPtQbPT 198Q F4lpe Box -AjqrTs NgwTRber 1973 FOR ONE YEAR: Ambulance Alarms 198Q Fire Alarms 198Q Total Alarms, (All typp-0 1983 Nq4fple- Alarms 1971 Buildiniz Fires 197 Fire Losses 1971 Per qqpitg Lqg*g (11igh@gt) 1-971 qqpi-,tq LP§.p 19AIQ False `Box AjgTpp 1975 False TglephpTlp Alarms 1951Highest Single Loss h 1971 T@qy'l'y -1-49�§ RECORD 19 77 89 0 gi 649 4.99 1,113 1.22 6,583 4,353 10,959 19 594 376 V7 .105 .!,07 699 177 $1?455,691-00 156 . 46 '19 CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN CENSUS TRACT (Area: 34.06 Sq. Mi. - Population: 130,600) 20 CITY. OF I,ANS.ING, MICHIGAN CENSUS TRACT STATISTICS CENSUS STILL —BLDG'. FALSE BLDG. FIRE VALUE BLDG. AMOUNT. OF TRACT FIRES FIRES: CALLS AMBULANCE LOSSES & CONTENTS OF LOSS, TOTAL LOSS; 1 74 7 A .4 128, 6 273`, 295, 15„ 700' .0083 2'1 118' 5 81 197 . 4 268,80-& 145,525 .0771 31 9' 3 123 9` +' 6-, 062 ,100' 13,, 500 .0072 4 83' 15 2 175 13- '41,241,100` 69',80& .0370, 5' w 89 13` 10' 142 7 171,041,529 27,551 .0146 6 81 8 ,5 196 7 955,500 36,400` .0193 7 47 20- 6' 194 - 19 ,_ 1,727,746 1902625 ..1011 8 141 i6' 18 28.6 13` 12,376,800 60,336 7.0320 9 30 1 1 58 1 22' 100 .00004 lot 47 1 0 84 1 ' � „- 29,000 50 .00002 11 153 23 6 241 12 401,414,863 2212770 .1176 12 6G. 9 7 115 9 2642200 53,455 .0284 13 139 3 18° 2 -365 14 28,1612250 103,179' .0547 14 158 5 6 269 2 9,634,000 2,300 .0012 15 197 10 8 - 547 s 9 862354,491 1152630 .0613 16 41 3 ;3 76 3 1272650 21,833 .0116 N N CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN CENSUS TRACT STATISTICS CENSUS STILL BLDG. FALSE BLDG. FIRE. VALUE BLDG. AMOUNT % OF TRACT FIRES FIRES CALLS AMBULANCE LOSSES & CONTENTS OF LOSS TOTAL LOSS 17.01 22 3 0 43 3 2,490,000 975 .0008 17.02 48 6 0-: 84 5 10,525,799 15,300 .0081 19 81 8 3 197 7 5,664,400 75,350 .0400 20 181 11 7' 376 11 178,312,636 252,255 .1338 21 72 1 1 102 0 32,000 0 0 22 37- 5 0 75 5 323,250 29,291 .0155 23 73 9 0 127 6 1,859,726 52,800 .0280 24 83 4 4 131 4 184,000 8,389 .0045 25 38 4 6 81 3 352,500 35,500 .0188 26 85 6 3 130 5 9,320,500 21,735 .0115 27 78 9 1 155 5 30,465,500 10,027 .0053 28 57 1 3 106 1 45,805 3,150 .0018 29.01 60 6 3 49 3 87,414,577 36,700 .0195 29.02 37 4 1 53 4 20,383,000 2,900 .0015 30 35 1 0 72 •1 225,000 50 .00002 31.02 15 1 0 27 1 123,000 35,534 .0189 32 77 9 0 104 7 2,839,250 3,,960 .0021 CITY OF. LANSING, MICHIGAN CENSUS TRACT STATISTICS CENSUS STILL• BLDG., FALSE- BLDG. FIRE' VALUE BLDG. & CONTENTS AMOUNT OF LOSS: %.OF TOTAL LOSS TRACT FIRES: FIRES CALLS' AMBULANCE LOSSES 33. 01 7;2 8 1 135 6 529,, 5.00 7 ,:70T .0041 33°.102 34 4 ol 34, 4, 422,500 55 , 60& . 0295- 34 4, & 0- 11 0 0 0 0 35 & 0' 0 1 0 0 36.01 66 9 3 101 8. 470,773` 9,200' .0049 36.02 8& 81 3' 127 8' 362,792' 39,200 .0208 37 203 13' 7 385 11 16,976,115 8,969 .0048 N w 38.01 17 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 40 33' 1 0 54 1 830,000 50 .00002. 44.01 8' 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 51 75 6 6 120 5 - 199,276 25,525 .0135 52 66 7 1 141 6 371,565 3,654 .0019 53.02 48 4 3 87 1 4,.823,200 8,900 .0047 53.03 96 10 1 184 10 24,749,106 51,801 .0275 53.04 .104 7 3 188 5 1,31.6,260 10,238 ..0054 55 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 N CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN CENSUS TRACT STATISTICS CENSUS STILL BLDG. FALSE BLDG. FIRE VALUE BLDG. AMOUNT % OF TRACT FIRES FIRES CALLS AMBULANCE LOSSES & CONTENTS OF LOSS TOTAL LOSS 102.04 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 202.02 54 3 0 89 2 2,602,600 425 .0002 214 4 4 1 18 3 763,200 2,149 .0011 TOTALS 3,640 335 150 6,827 270 1,170,934,148 1,885,088 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION OF LOSSES Dwellings Public Assembly Industrial Plants Apartments 1-2 Units - Apartments 3-6 Units Apartments 7-20 Units Storage sheds, garages, warehouse Apartments over 20 Units Other non -specified Buildings Educational Mercantile & offices Hotel -Motel Housetrailer Utility facilities .Hospitals NUMBER OF LOSSES 156 10 11 18 16 19 s 30 17 1 8 18 5 3 2 -21 GRAND TOTAL: 335 Number of .daytime alarms Number of nighttime alarms 25 I 192 143 335 AMOUNT OF LOSS $766,640,54 9,800.00 154,6101.95 166,030.83 91,155.52 108,149.66 186,691.31 19,582.00 - 0 - 760.00 160,669.28 12,000.00 400.00 200,300.00 8,300.00 $,1,885,090.09 889,961.68 995,128.41 $ 1,985,090.09 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT CAUSES OF ALARMS. FOR OTHER THAN BUILDING FIRES Ambulance calls--------------------------------------------------- 6,827 Assist the ambulance--------------------------- ------------------- 1,851 Investigations of smoke, gas: and odors---------------------------- -460 Accidental alarms (87 box., 103 telephone,.21 A.D.T. (56 radio box)-------------------------------------------------- 267 Rubbish fires----------------------------------------------------- 262 Motor vehicle fires---------------------------------------------. 208 False alarms (59 box, 78 telephone, 12 radio box) ------- ----------- 149 Flush flammable liquids from the street--------------------------- 123 Grass.or other dry brush fires------------------------------------ 101 Short circuits in electric wiring and motors----------------------- 81 Wires.down in the street------------------------------------------ 73 Shut off water or gas ------------------------- _---------------- 51 Rescue------------------------------------------------------------ 36 Cookouts--------------------------------------------------------- 30 Investigation of excess heat build-up------------------------------ 28 Investigation of steam-------------------------------------------- 20 Assist with equipment--------------------------------------------- 17 Flammable liquids ignited --------------------------------------- 11 Chimney burnouts-------------------------------------------------- 10 .Shed or lumber fires---------------------------------------------- 6 Bombscares------------------------------------------------------- 3 Other valuables burned (tent, mower, etc.) 2 Re -ignition of a previous fire --------------------- --=----------- 1 GRAND TOTAL: 10.,617 26 CITY .OF LANSING, MICHIGAN' LANS:ING FIRE DEPARTMENT CAUSES OF FIRES IN BUILDINGS No. Fires. No: Losses Arsonist set buildings. afire 80 64 Food or grease on stove or in oven 65 47 Careless use 'of smoking`materiais 41 31 ComhustiFles too near heat 37 26 Children playing with'fire 30 27 Short circuits in electric wiring 21 19, Defeefi -ye electrical "appliance 18 18 Careless. use of flammable liquids 11 9 1I9.odburning stones. 8 7 Sparks,, torches, various other causes 5 5 Defective.fireplace or chimney 5 4 Careless, use of candles 5 5 Undetermined origin 3 3 Misuse of appliance or equipment 3 2 Lightning' struck building 3 3 GRAND TOTALS,. 335 270 LANS:ING FIRE DEPARTMENT AMOUNT OF FIRE LOSS FROM SEPARATE'CAUSES Arsonist set building on fire------------------------ $ 517,353 Short circuit in electric wiring or'motors----_--------. 462,403 Children playing with fire---------------------------- 187,060 Careless use of smoking. materials--------------_-----_ 184,555 Food or grease on stove or in oven----------------------= 123,484 Careless use of flammable liquids----------------------- 113,779 Combustibles too near heat------------------------------ 88;599 Defective electrical appliances-------------------------- 66,004 Careles.s use of torch, sparks, various other causes ----- 32,435 Undetermined causes------------------------------------- 26,950. Misuse of electric equipment---------------------------- 26,506 Woodburning equipment----------------------------------- 19,910 Careless use of candles---------------------------------- 14,500. Defective fireplace or chimney--------------------------- 14,150 Lightning struck building-------------------------------- 7,400 TOTAL LOSS FOR 1983------------------------------------- $1.885.088 *Exposure Loss------------------------------------------ $21,536 28 CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN FIRE FATALITIES There were two deaths in Lansing in 1983 due to building fires. 0 Died in a.fire at. 1126 Theodore, July 31, 1983:, Eugene Stiles., Age 7 D;L,ed. in afir&at �321 Forest Avd-,- October 12, 1983 4p'4g-rt, qypjiprt,,, Age, 1 11 2:9,' FIRES CAUSING MORE THAN $4,0.0.0. LOSS 1983 January 11 Duplex at 1619 Lyons $ 17,080.00 January 11 Duplex at 813 N. Cedar $ 24,500.00 January 15 Dwelling at 3808 Ronald $ 4,900.00 January 17 Duplex at 3224 W. Holmes Rd $ 135500.00 January I& Apartments at 117 E. Maple $ 21,000.00 January 22 Duplex at 1015-17 W. Ionia $ 30,500.00 January 23 Apartments at 503/505,S. Washington $ 15,500.00 January 27 Dwelling at 2418 Byrnes Rd $ 33,600.00 January 29 Dwelling at 1208 Cawood $ 13,500.00 January 30 Apartments at 1409 E. Michigan Avenue $ 53,314.27 February 5 Dwelling at 1404 N. Chestnut $ 16,000.00 February 8 Dwelling at 322 W. Maple $ 40,000.00 February 14 Dwelling at 2310 Tulane $ 35,534.23 February 14' Dwelling at 622 Shepard $ 22,415.18 February 20 Apartments at 1405 E. Michigan $ 25,000.00 February 25 Dwelling at 1411 W. Shiawassee $ 11,800.00 March 4 Dwelling at 1125 Loraine $ 23,000.00 March 12 Dwelling at 535 Shepard $ 8,312.00 March 14 Duplex at 2026 William $ 15,900.00 March 19 Dwelling at 2001 S. Logan $ 5,739.84 March 24 Apartments at•310 W. Maple $ 51,000.00 March 26 Apartments at 117 E. Maple. $ 10,269.00 April 24 Garage at 6212 Cooper Rd $ 12,366.00 May 6 Dwelling at 225 E. St. Joseph $ 25,000.00 May 6 Dwelling at 601 S. Clemens $ 7,473.00 May 9 Dwelling at 4732 Pleasant Grove Rd $ 6,500.00 30 FIRES'CAUSI'NG MORE THAN $4,000 LOSS - 1983 CONT. May 24 Dwelling at 1617 Nellers Ct $ 5,468,00 May 30 Dwelling at 1817 Indiana $ 13,000,00 June 6 Business at 1016 E. Mt. Hope $ 5,774.99 Dwelling at 4924 Pleasant Grove $ 11,250.00 Juiie 15 Dwelling at 404 Leslie $ 5,555,22 J"ulic 19 Business at 929 E. Michigan $ .60,063,95 J'u'ne 22 Business at 930 E. Michigan $,o,500.0Q ,J"ul,y %3 -Apartments at 201 E. Jolly 'Rd $ 6,700.00 J'ul:y 7 'R,partments at 307, 'E:. :St,. ,joseph $ 32,000,00 rJ'ul,y �7 !Dwell !ng gat 711 Limol n $ 101,000.00 yJuq'y f2 (Garage (at :6226 Sommerset, $ 4,, 000.00 =J•ul v 224 Apartment sat 7021 ,C.op.sey $ 819Q0:00 ,jUkl�y 29i7 ;Warehouse iat 1.116 ,C,.a-se ,St $120.;000.00 =Ja�15y 22 7 l Apartments :at '109 A. "Grand River 6;061.23 JOly -30 Garage lt'1>12.5 ,W., `Michigan $ 6;600.-00 •Julky 80 DweTU'ng gat ,:2225 .Luwanna $ 35,000.00 Julry :�11 . _Dwe'l;l1.ng zat :1126 "Theodore. $ 18.,000:00 AAugust 22 ~Busines's At .112 N, _L-arch $ 621054.53 August 7 sBusines:s -at =920 'Townsend $ 9,000.00 'August I16 -Apartments >at `62*5.0 �Beechfield $ -6,55.7.00 WAug'ust i17 ^Bu,s•iness ,at':930 E. Mi..chi.gan Avenue M$ -,6;600.00 August 1D :Garage -at -926 :Cady "Ct $ 5;, 49:00 August �24 -Dwel l i'ng at :19:3:0 ":D.ev.onshi re "$ 8,000.00 �August726 Apartments At-521 :W. 'Saginaw $ 25,000.00 `-September 33 'Business at "112 N . -Larch$ 7 , 000: 00 SSePfember 8 TDwel'l i'ng at 110 _L-,i,ncbl-n $ 6,,500:00 September =8 Apartments .:at 11.7:E . Maple $ 6, 5(l0. 00 :3.1 FIRES CAUSING MORE THAN $4,000 LOSS - 1983 CONT. September 11 Apartments at 1300 N. High $ 6,000.00 September 19 Business at 2001 W. Saginaw $ 4,000.00 September 25 Garage at 1601 W. Lenawee $. 5,683.00 September 26 Dwellinq at 811 Bement $ 6,000.00 . September 28 Business at 637 E. Michigan $ 4,500.00 September'29 Dwelling at 2004 Sunnyside Avenue $ 15,000.00 October 1 Dwelling at 1515 Highland $ 4,701.32 October 2 Dwelling at 317 S. Eighth $ 4,500.00 October 9 Dwelling at 2435 Newark , $ 24,500.00 October 9 Dwelling at 1131 W. Kalamazoo $ 5,500.00 October 12 Dwelling at 2321 Forest Avenue $ 16,900.00 October 13 Dwelling at 2321 Forest Avenue $ 16,900.00 October 24 Dwelling at 211 N. Jenison $ 7,100.00 October 24 Dwelling at 3708 Delta -River Drive $ 7,000.00 October 30 Apartments at 1635 Massachusetts $ 15,512.60 November 2 Business at 920 Townsend $ 72,000.00 November 3 Apartments at 306 S, Larch $ 25,000.00 November 8 Apartments at 11082 S. Grand $ 24,757.00 November 14 Apartments at 801 N. Washington $ 7,800.00 November 16 Dwellinq at 1012 W.-St. Joseph $ 12,500.00 November 25 Dwellinq at 1117 Ballard $ 5,500.00 November 27 Dwelling -at 312 Potter `$ 8,200.00 December 5 Warehouse at 400 Verlinden $ 12,000.00 December 6 Dwelling at 1226 W. Michigan $ 11,507;00 December 9 Dwelling at 514 S. Chestnut $ 9,330.66 December 10 Apartments at 501 E. Edgewood #404 $ 25,000.00 December 12 Dwelling at 3027 Delta River Or $ 16,500.00 32 FIRES CAUSING MORE THAN $4,00.0 LOSS - 1983 CONT December 13 Dwelling at 1710 Indiana Decmeber 17 Business at° 401 Verlinden December 20 Dwelling at 4010 Ingham December 22 Dwelling at 1216 E. Oakland December 26 ' Dwel,l.i ng at 115 Berry December 27 Utility at 300 Island. t r 33 $ 5,500.00 $ 7,847.00 $ 16,000.00 $ 15,000.00 $ 15,500.00 $200,300.00 r FIRE LOSSES FOR ARSONS - 1983 Jaunary 18 117 E. Maple January 23 500 S. Pine January 27 1017 Jerome February 20 1405 E. Michigan February 23 3900 Stabler February 27 200 E. Grand River March 11 613 Helen March 13. 5017 Hughes Rd March 22 218 N. Hosmer March 23 310 W. Maple March 30 2600 Hampden March 31 2901 Lyons April 7 4518 S. Cedar April 14 1829 S. Washington April 14 1040 Greenwood April 15 1319 Massachusetts April 20 3526 Harold April 21 1017 Jerome April 22 500 S. Capitol April 24 6212 Cooper Rd April 28 1418 Vine #3 May 2 1 Washington Square May 6 '225 E. St. Joseph May 6 601 S. Clemens May 11, 3117 S. Logan May 11 1201 W. Oakland May 13 1429 E. Miller May 19 2615 2 S. Cedar 34 $ 21,000.00 $ 550.00 $ -0- $ 25,000.00 $ 50.00 $ 800.00 $ 50.00 $ 5.00 $ 2,500.00 $ 51,000.00 $ 100.00 $ .-0- $ -0- $ 500.00 $ 200.00 $ 2,800.00. $ 527.45 $ 4 -0- $ 2,000.00 $ 12,366.00 $ 350.00 $ 300.00 $ 25 ,.000.00 $ 7,473.00 $ -0-. $ 1,050.00 $ -0- $ -0- FIRE IOSSES FOR ARSONS 19,83 Continued May 25 3900 Stabler $ -0- May 28 6000 Kyes Rd $ :900.0 May 30 2404 Forest Avenue $ -0- -June4 '601 N. Pine $ 1,500.00 June 4 127 S. Grand $ 2,000.00 June 11 124 E. !Was'htenaw $ -0- June 19 2028 W. Jolly $ -0- June 26 3600 Dunckel $ 600.00 July 1 623 2 E. Mi-chi-gan $ 500.00 July 7 3072-E. St. Joseph $ 32,000.00 July 7 711-Lincoln $ 10,000.00 July 21 '1216`Maryland $ 100.00 July 23 3127 Turner $ 200.00 ,July -24 7021to.psey $ 8,900.00 -July 25 '3411 E. 'Mich'igan $ _ 50.00 ,July .26 1216 N . -Grand River $ 100.00 July 27 111.6 :Case ;$.120,,000.00 ,July 31 532 Baker $ .3,000..00 `August 12 1:515 `Hull JCt $ 50.00 A'u:gust 6 2321 Kensington $ :2,00.0.'00 August 7 `920 Townsend $ 9.,000.00 August 16 930 U. Hol!mes lRd $ 4BOt.!00 ,Au. -gust :116 3'937 .Hunters R-M-ge $ 200.00 August .17 -201 ?N.. 'Hosmer $ -;0- �Aup's�t '17 '9.3 `E. 'M ,chi:.gan $ 6,600.00 `August ',1-7 1242 :E.. kGrand Vw.-er $ 600-00 August :1'8 7.11 E. !Gra'nd fRi:v.er $ --0- Au'gus't 18 �4.13 S.. Fa ru_ew $ 300,.00 'August -1:9 13 32 S. 'Mash n :ton $ 1„139.76 3 FIRE LOSSES FOR ARSONS - 1983 J Continued August 23 201 S. Grand September 2 615 N. Walnut September 3 112 N.- Latch September 8 117 E. Maple September 11 1300 N. High September 13 6205 S. Logan September-14 606 W. Shiawassee September 18 501 Leslie September 25 1601 W. Lenawee September 26 811 Bement October 9 1131 W. Kalamazoo October 23 509 Baker October 24 211 N. Jenison October 30 1635 Massachusetts November 3 306 S. Larch St November 8 11082 S. Grand Avenue November 14 801 N. Washington December 4 1417 Bailey December 13 1710 Indiana December 13 1710 Indiana December 22 1216 E. Oakland December 24 .218 W. Maple $ -0- $ 563.94 $ 7,000.00 $ 6,500.00 $ 6,000.00 $ 200.00 $ 400.00 $ -0- $ 5,683.00 $ 6,000.00 $ 5,500.00 $ 200.00 $ 7,100.00 $15,512.60 $25,000.00 $24,757.00 $ 7,800.00 $ 250.00 $ 0 $ 5,500.00 $15,000.00 $ . 25.00 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES ROY L. ZIGLER Instructor/Coordinator 37 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES Lieutenant Roy Zigler is the Instructor/Coordinator for the Lansing Fire Department's Emergency Medical Services Division, and he is assisted by 24 Paramedics, three E.M.T. Specialists and 30 Basic E.M.T. personnel from the Suppression Division. All personnel are licensed by the State of Michigan, and they are trained firefighters. E.M.S. operates with three licensed, advanced mobile -care ambulances' and two reserve ambulances. Personnel provide pre -hospital emergency care and transportation of patients to one of four emergency receiving' hospitals in the City of Lansing.* The E.M.S. Instructor/Coordinator offers public education in First -Aid and Emergency situations. E.M.S. also provides monthly blood -pressure screening at Lansing City Hall. During the period covered by this annual report, E:M.S. responded to 6,827 emergency calls. 38 CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN AMBULANCE ALARMS-1983 Calls where services were not needed--------------------------- 1,786 False Z93) and accidental (230) alarms------------------------- 323 Location of •calls: Private homes-=------------------------------------------- 4,264 Streets.and intersections--------------------------------- 1,646 Public buildings------------------------------------------ 693 'Schools--------------------------------------------------- 103 Parks.and ,playgrounds--------------------------------- --- 62 Industrial buildings-------------------------------------- 59 TOTAL NUMBER OF CALLS------------------------------------------ 63,827 'CAUSES FOR CALLS Refused-------------------------------------------------------- 728 Mot•o"r vehicle:accidents---------------------------------------- 620 Muscul6-•skeletal----- =------------------------------- ---------- 575 <Cardiac,problems(Ex,.CHF)--- ----------------- ----------------- 527 Other Causes ------ =-------------------------------------------- 475 Respiratory Emergencies (CHF) Airway Obstruction, etc.)-------- 437 Abdominal:pains----------------- ------------- ----_-------------- 341 Treated at'scene----------------------------------------------- 325 Soft tissue inj•uries------------------------------------------- 242 Property damage accident no .treatment-------------------------- 231 Accidentals---------------------------------------------------- 230 Assaults-------- =---------------------------------------------- 188 Overdose�of drugs---------------------------------------------- 163 'Fainti.ng---------------- --------------------------------------- 147 Diabe"tes------------------------------------------------------- 128 Standby at fire alarms----------------------------------------- 107 Returned :by dispatcher----------------------------------------- 107 :Strokes :(CVA)-------------------------------------------------- 106 Patient"left scene--------------------------------------------- 101 D.O.A.--------------------------------------------------------- 98 False.Alarms--------------------------------------------------- 93 Left in L.P.D. custody----------------------------------------- 91 -C.P.R.-=------------------------------------------------------- 90 Maternity cases----=------------------------------------------- 80 Patient transported by other means----------------------------- 68 Psychiatric Disorders------------------------------------------ 60 .Hypertension --------------- ------------------------------------ 37 Suicides and attempts------------------------------------------ 37 Terminal illnesses--------------------------------------------- 30 Burns------------------------------------------------------------ 24 Poison, ,stings, bites------------------------------------------ 15 Hypothermia and hyper•thermia----------------------------------- 10 :Smoke .inhalation----------------------------------------------- 6 Drowning and water:emer;gencies--------------------------------- 2 Hazardous Materials-------------------------------------------- 1 Neurological--------------------------------------------------- 25 Seizure'Disorders-=�--- =--_---- —-------------- -------------- 282 39 CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN AMBULANCE ALARMS-1983 Number of alarms Responded to: Ambulance 41 - 3257 Ambulance 42 - 2026 Ambulance 44 - 1544 TOTAL: 6827 Number of patients treated: Ambulance 41 - 2291 Ambulance 42 - 1607 Ambulance 44 - 1228 TOTAL: 5126 Number of advanced service alarms responded to: Ambulance 41 - 357 Ambulance 42 - 338 Ambulance 44 - 254 TOTAL 949 Number of daytime alarms - 3994 Number of nighttime alarms 2833 TOTAL 6827 Hospital responded to: Sparrow 1566 Ingham Medical 1467 St. Lawrence 922 Lansing General 643 TOTAL 4598 Number of time private ambulances were called to respond to calls: 379 Number of times our ambulance responded outside city limits: 6 40 LL 0 LU .:F. im 41 �esponse TUE _Ambulances is MAINTENANCE DARWYN L. SAMPLE Maintenance Supervisor IV 43 MAINTENANCE DIVISION Captain Darwyn Sample and Lieutenant Henry Houghtaling are in charge of the Maintenance Division. This division must furnish and maintain supplies and equipment for two hundred forty-three personnel plus eleven buildings. They maintain equipment and supplies used on the ambulances and firefighting vehicles. Most of the buildings are used as disaster. shelters and voting precincts. Maintenance keeps records of supplies and inventories. Work is done for other departments within and outside the City. This work includes hose repair, air pak repairs, fire hose nozzle repairs, and hydrostatic testing of cylinders. Both men are trained by the manufacturers of air paks and hose nozzles used in firefighting. They also are experienced in hose repairs, fire extinguisher maintenance, sewing,. carpentry, and plumbing. The Maintenance Division received requisitions from Station Officers and Division Heads for equipment, supplies, and repairs; updates supplies and equipment, and locate the best purchase source; works with sales people and City Purchasing; correlate functions between the fire department and outside contract services, such as laundering, rubbish removal, and pest control. The Maintenance Division formulates a workable budget for supplies, chemicals, and firefighting equipment. All fire hose is tested yearly and inventoried, all cylinders are tested every five years and all air paks must be overhauled every five years. 44 CITY QF LMSING, MTMIGAN CITY UPWTS Opined by the City (including I,angel)=---------__---------------- 2,855 QWned by Frigate Corporabons=------------------------------ 180 WATER MAINS (Area - 33,78 Square Miles). 35 Ineh. Mars-w-.---_----_--_-===r---=-,__.-.----------------- . 219 ft. 90 Ineh.Mains.----a=-=---------------------.___-_-------------- 5,742 ft. 24 Ineh_Mains-�-_-_��---------------------------------------- 17,327 ft. 2Q..Ine�i Mains-----------r------------=------------------- - . 1FiIneh Mansr---------------------------------------------- 122,252.5 ft. 1C,.Incfi_.M.a%nsn-M-=-=.--__-----------------------------------48,372.5 ft. 8 463,329 ft, 5 Ineh Mains-------- --------.----__--_-_--_-----------__-- 1,494,60 15 ft, 4, Inch.Mains--_---------------------__-_---_----_-_-_-_-_----. 71,562.5 ft. 3 __-- -----__- Ineh.Mains---------------------------- ----- - - --- 7,312.5 ft. 2 Inch. Mains --- ---=------ 3, 849.5i f t -. a � w ,ram--- -_. M._--..-.---�- _-- _--._-_-- ----- _-_-_- _- ----- 1/4 Ineh. Main - - --- 40% ft. TOTALS (;5�;02.,05 Miles:) 4,5; CITY OF LANSINC, MICHIGAN LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT FIRE HOSE IN SERVICE - 1983 Five (5) Inch Hose---------------------------------- 3,600 ft. 3 x 211 Inch Hose--------------------------- ------ 8,300 ft. 23� Inch Hose --------- =------------------------------ 47,100 ft. Vi Inch Hose ---------------------------------------- 16,050 ft. High Pressure Hose ---------------------------------- 10,000 ft. Low Pressure Hose------ -- 1,600 ft. 3/4 Inch Hose--------------------------------------- 525 ft. 46 FIRE PREVENTION LEONARD D. LABIODA Fire Marshal 47 FIRE PREVENTION The Fire Prevention Bureau, under the supervision of the Fire Marshal, consists of nine inspectors, a clerk and a drafting aide. An effective, coordinated fire prevention program is continuing to combat the ravaging and devastating effects of fire. The Fire Prevention Bureau has dedicated itself to the citizens of Lansing. The Greater Lansing Safety Council prints fire prevention material used in.our programs to promote fire and life safety. • Information to properly educate the general public regarding safety and fire prevention has been provided to all radio and television stations, our local metropolitan newspaper, and several local area newspapers, which includes a Spanish newspaper. This also includes a speakers bureau; local industrial, mercantile, institutional periodicals; bulletin boards; posters; displays and hand out literature. All of these have been effective. With the cooperation of the Mayor, City Council, Board of Fire Commissioners, and the administration we are providing fire prevention and life safety to all citizens in Lansing. 48 r SUMMARY OF FIRE PREVENTION ACTIVITIES 1982 1983 Fire Investigation's - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 273 300 `Complbain'U3Investigated --------------- 283 264 Apartment--Hous'e's, Rooming Houses, Etc - - -- - - - = 924 311 Ao'sgiaals, Convalescent Homes, Nursing Homes - - - - 150 207 Dry rCleaiiers and Laundromats Inspected - - - - - - - 24 12 Bogy �SYops, Garages; Etc - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 42 14 Ga`sglin'e 'Stations Inspected- - - - - - - - -- - - - 74 44 010t 'Clubs, Bars, Cabarets - - - - - - - - - - - - - 270 135 Hot'e1s;,oMotel's, Restaurants Inspected - - - - - - - - 245 222 A11 '0"th'e'r B'uihdings (Vacant and Occupied) - - - - - - •872 778 Rei-spec't oris - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2,496 1,695 Hazardous 'Conditions Remedied - - - - - - - - = - - - 2,393 1,736 Viol"atori Notices issued - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 1 'School''s_-, '(Public, Private, Nursery) - - - - - - - - - 20.4 240 Th'ea'ters---=------------ - - - --- 36 10 Letters; Directives, Communications - - - - - - - - - 1,434 1.,104 False Alarms Investigated - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 68 60 Fa-1's`e_ Alarms Solved - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - -- 21 18 Fiie'Ptevena on Programs - -, - - - - - - - - - - - - 296 195 Pla s,'Fire`Safety Consultations - - - - - - - - - - 735 1,.013 'Court'Cases- _----------.--- -- - - -- 51 52 PuelVIA Tanks Inspected - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 11 1 Underground Tanks Inspected - - - - - - - - - - - - - '60, 45 BulkPlaiits Irispec't'ed---------- - - - - -- 20 11 {Pv&lkdports.Issued ----------------- 213 2.16 'HalfiaayHouses -.-------- - - - - -- 32 5 "Adult & Juvenile Foster Care Homes - - - - - - - - - 124 84 8eni6'r'Ciaizeris Buildings - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - 57 48 'Bomb Calls `--------------- - - - - -- 9 1 'Fireworks Permits Issued - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 zSpYinklerTests------------- - - - - -- 57 47 `Fire 'Drills -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 142 126 'Total Inspections, 'Investigations, Complaints Examined 11,',624 8.;999 49 FIRE PREVENTION 1982 1983 Juvenile Cards Made - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 65 57 Cooperative Inspections or Investigations With: , City Attorney - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49 38 Building Department - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 283 335 City Clerk's Office - - - -- - - - - - - - - - 85 77 Electrical Inspector - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 137 116 Heating Inspector - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 72 41 Lansing Police Department - - - - - - - - - - - 361 308 Board of Water and Light - - - - - - - - - - -- 57 27 Consumers Power Company - - - - - - - - - - - - 39 19 Board of Education - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 93 82 Ingham County Health Department - - - - - - - - 47 26 Ingham County Prosecutor - - - - - - - - - - - - 66 66 Michigan State Police Fire Marshal Division - - 112 146 Michigan Department of Crime Laboratory - - - - 82 45 Michigan Department of Occupantional Health - - 24 12 Division Members Attending Special Schools - - - 24 15 50 FIRE INSPECTORS'S DISTRICTS a. ♦oo.00.� ♦0000000� s0000000♦ .•�oioi00000000000000! ooioioioioioioioioioi! 0000ioioioioioioi ♦ o 0 0 0 NADEAU B'AL LARD ■ v a . ■ ■ B ROWN ................ 51 FIRE PREVENTION ACTIVITIES As an ongoing program we present the following activities. Speakers Bureau All members of the Fire Prevention Bureau are active in our speakers bureau. They have provided more than 195 programs to service clubs, fraternal organizations and various other groups during the year. These programs vary in content; films, 35 mm slide programs with commentary, and some with various visual aids. The bureau has a collection of more than 3,500 slides so the programs can be formed to fit the occasion and the length of the presentation desired. Much emphasis has been placed on the advan- tages of smoke detectors, home fire drills, and the proper use of fire extinguishers. Members of the Fire Prevention Bureau present a fire safety program to all students of Lansing Community College attending the Basic Electrical Class. Slides are shown and a talk given regarding electrical hazards found in buildings during inspections or fire investigations. A fire extinguisher program, "The Proper Way to Use Fire Extinguishers", is also presented. Hospitals and Institutional Programs All hospitals, convalescent homes, nursing homes and senior citizens resident buildings are inspected at least once a year. All corrections must be made before their annual license is'issued. The personnel of all hospitals, major convalescent homes, and--senior.citizen buildings are involved in a year-round fire prevention program. This starts with an indoctrination program for new employees, which is held at least twice a year in each unit. At this time the employee is instructed in rules and regulations, fire drill procedures, evacuation carries; the chemistry of fire, the use of all types of fire extinguishers, fire hazards, how to eliminate these hazards, and what to do should a fire occur. This is followed up by a refresher course and the practical use of fire extinguishers. Fire drills are held throughout the year, with at least. one member of the bureau being at the scene. A critique is held with the supervisory personnel after the drill. These drills are held on all work shifts. 52. Fire Prevention Activities - Continued This same program is provided for the nursing program at Lansing Community College and the Health Care Career classes at Harry Hill Academic and Vocational. Center. Industrial and Mercantile Programs Inspec.tion.s.are made and fire safety programs presented to employees regarding the proper use of fire extinguishers and standpipe systems. Fire brigade training is provided for large facilities. Evacuation plans have been established for most of the large buildings. Government Agencies Federal, State, County and City buildings have been inspected and evacuation programs established. Fire drills are held and a critique is held after the drill. 'Open House The Lansing Fire Department maintains an open house policy for those who wish to visit a fire station and take pictures. In 1983 approximately 800 students and 175 adults have been visitors to fire stations. Not only is the equipment explained, but fire prevention is discussed and all visitors are given fire prevention literature. School Programs Emphasis is placed on our youth - pre-school and nursery schools. Fire Fighter Sam Gingrich has presented 50 programs to 1,065 Lansing children.. The department has received a number of letters of appreciation from teachers of these students. A'movie, ",Snuffy's Fire Safety Brigade", is presented to the first grade students by Inspector Armand Brown. This movie has been given to us by Burger ,King. A movie, "!An 0unce,of Prevention", is shown to the fourth grade students by Ins,pector:Nadeau. The Capitol Caravan Club donated two of these fine films to our rdepartment. I , 53 Fire Prevention Bureau Activities - Continued Both films and the fire safety programs have been very well received by all students and teachers. The teachers are very pleased with the programs _presented to the students. Each school selects its own "Fire Chief" and "Assistant Chief" prior to the school programs. Those selected are presented with their respective badges and handbooks of duties and responsibilities. Each school is inspected at least once a year. The Fire Prevention Bureau also provides programs for special classes - home economics, government and for Career Day also. All public and parochial schools are involved in our programs. Fire Prevention Week 1983 The Fire Prevention Bureau distributed approximately 37,000 pieces of fire prevention literature to all of the local schools, area fire departments, industrial plants, and civic organizations. Fire drills were conducted during the week of October 9-15 in all of the schools, hospitals, convalescent homes, senior citizen buildings, State, County and City buildings. New evacuation plans were established in buildings that had extensive remodeling. Fire extinguisher schools and programs, regarding the proper use of extinguishers, were held for employees of restaurants, hotels, and motels, hospitals, and convalescent homes. These programs are year-round fire safety programs. Members of the Fire Prevention Bureau made personal appearances on local television and radio stations during the week. Coverage was given in all local newspapers. Operation Edith "Operation Edith" was held at 8:00 p.m. on'Wednesday, October 5, 1983, with all TV, radio stations, and the local newspapers participating. The David Rysztak family, of 427 Kipling'Boulevard, consented to have the television stations view their home fire drill. A fire safety program was expanded when Mrs. Marcia Rysztak assisted in demonstrating what appropriate actions a person should take if you detect smoke in your room - crawl to get better air near the floor, place towels, rugs and bedding around openings, and open windows for fresh air. Windows should not be broken. You may have to close them because of smoke returning into the room. Shut off the air - conditioner and fans. 54 Fire Prevention Bureau Activities - Continued This portion was shown on the 11:00 p.mi news broadcast on October 5, 1983. We received many favorable calls and comments from the public regarding this demonstration. This is one of the most important parts of Fire Prevention Week,, and if the program can save one life, it is well worth all the effort. Residential Inspection Program The annual Home Inspection Program commenced on May 2, and continued to November 1.. These home inspections were conducted to help prevent fires from starting. Advice was given regarding fire hazards found, and preventative methods were discussed with the owner_occupant. These inspections were conducted on Thursday of each week: Crews of Lansing Fire Fighters went door=to-door in the fire districts, making inspections, After the home inspection was completed the occupant received a fire prevention packet that contained tips regarding fire safety, discount coupons from local distributors for smoke alarms and fire extinguishers; and a coupon for a free pizza from.a local business. There was no penalty for any fire hazards found. The inspections are -free "as a courtesy of the Lansing Fire Department: If the occupant was not home during'inspection,,day, and they desired to have an in conducted at ,a more convenient time, a call to the Fire Prevention Bureau; 483-4200 and an appointment was set up with the district officer or a member of the 'bureau to conduct an inspection. This program is designed to benefit all citizens of Lansing. During the year 1,422 dwellings were inspected and many fire hazards were eliminated as the result of these inspections. Arson and Arson Prevention In 1.983,. 335 building fires occurred -in the City of Lansing. Of this total 8$ were the, result of the crime of arson. Arson accounted,for 38% of our total fires in buildings and vehicles. This is an increase of 35%j, with an apprehension rate 'of 42%. Good team fire investigations have detected the crime o Carson:, will increase the apprehension rate, and will also reduce the crime of arson. 55 Fire Prevention Activities - Continued If we reflect this apprehension rate against the national average of approximately 11•% in 1983, we are very proud of our efforts. Our. Inspectors spent -a total of 2,215 manhours in investigations of -fires and false alarms, which resulted in 52 court cases. We are convinced that the investigations paid off. Conferences Attended Members of the Fire Prevention Bureau attended Inspectors Certification School at Michigan State Police Training Academy, Arson Seminars at the Michigan State Police Training Academy,.the Michigan Fire Inspectors Society Seminar, and various seminars held throughout the state. Members of this division were also participants, members of a planning committee or speakers in several schools, programs, and seminars. Inspectors Armand Brown and Casey Griggs attended the Arson Seminar at Michigan State Police Training Academy April 11-14. Inspectors Casey Griggs, James Ballard and Terry Nadeau attended the Michigan Fire Inspectors Society Seminar at Michigan State University September 13-16. Inspector Griggs also attended Arson School in Tustin, Michigan October 3-14. On April 25-29 a Juvenile Law School, held at Higgins Lake, Michigan, was attended by Inspectors Lawrence Devlin and Robert O'Brien. Inspector Leslie Hunter attended a Hazardous Material School sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency, held at the South Washington Armory, on April 25-29. Inspector attended a Radiological Defense School at Michigan State Police on May 2-6, and a Hazardous Material School at the National Fire Academy, Emmitsburg, Maryland August 1-19, October 3-7, and November 7-18. A Hazardous Material Response Team is being developed starting with classes offered to members of the fire department and other agencies. Other Activities On April 17, 1983, Fire Marshal Gordon E. Adsit retired from the Lansing Fire Department and was appointed Chief of the Lansing Township Fire Department. Senior Inspector Leonard D. Labioda, a member of the Fire Department for thirty-three years and a fire inspector for thirty-one years, was appointed Fire Marshal. Inspector James Ballard was promoted to Inspector IV. Engineer Terrell Nadeau was transferred to fill the vacancy. 56 Fire Prevention Activities - Continued Fire Marshal Labioda is Chairman of the State of Michigan Public Assemblage Committee and also serves on the Rewrite Committee'of the Michigan Dry Cleaners Code and the Certified Fire'Inspectors Curriculum Committee. Inspector Ronald Freeman served on the Planning,Committee of the Michigan -Fire .Inspectors Society Fall Seminar held at the Kellogg Center. In's;pector Leslie Hunter .serves on the Michigan Rewrite Committee for Liquified Pe"trol'eum 'Gases. At this time Inspector Hunter, is ,preparing to teach ,classes regarding "Hazardous Materials" to members of the Lansing Fire Department ,and all interested persons in the tri-county area. :Material and equipment 'has been ,purchased for ,,a HazardousMaterial `Response Team. ,With .the 'cooperation (of the building Department,, we were :able to have ,80 unsafe buildings demolished during 1983,. To 'maintain ,a'high level tof fire prevention and_safety, :the Ci,.ty :of .Lansing wa's divided :into fire districts -and an inspector was assigned to each district. It is our !contention that we will be :able to better serve all `citizens 'We are ,now :updating .our pre -fire planning and �evacuattion .plans,. A considerable amount of 'time was spent in research and reviewing material ,for a 'new Fire Prevention Code,. All material was presented for 'this ,review,. The Uniform Fire Code will be the basic code,and the-necessary`National Fire Pr6tection'pamphlets that are .State regulations will be adopted,,, The -present burning ordinance shall remain the same,. Conclusion The Lansing Fire'Prevention Bureau has maintained a'high level of fire safety �ins.pec:tions and programs'to all citizens of Lansing, 'in every walk:of life, 4t'work, at school, at home, and recreational facilities. What impact fire prevention may have:on saving .lives is a difficult thing to measure.; however, it is reasonable 'to assume .that its influence is significant. The' --net 'result -of 'fire inspection and fire investigations should the buildings ,and structures that are more :fire safe than ever in,tthe •past.. Members of "the -Fire Prevention Bureau are most grateful -to all citizens,, torganizations, businesses,, and individuals that have,,contributed to promote =f' 're =safety -during :the .past year. 57 Fire Prevention Activities - Continued The Independent Insurance Agents of Greater Lansing purchased 144 smoke detectors that are being placed in homes. We would like to express our appreciation for the assistance and cooperation we have received from the Board of Fire Commissioners, the Administration, City, County and State Departments in providing fire prevention and life safety to all citizens of Lansing. Respectfully submitted, olf � -ri, daww Leonard D. Labioda Fire Marshal 58 I LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT PER CAPITAL DOLLAR LOSS & FIRE DEATHS GRAPH 1974-1983 28'- 26'— Per Capita (Dollars Logs)l 24- 22,— ti 20- 18- 14- 12 10. 8--, 6 Fire.Deaths,,. 4 2'= 74 75 76, 77 78 79,,, 80': 81, 82' M 59, RICHARD F. BAILEY RICHARD J. MILLER FIRE SUPPRESSION DEPUTY CHIEFS JACK B. CUSHMAN VICTOR J. RAIRIGH RAYMOND M. MILLER CHARLES W. ZERKLE FIRE SUPPRESSION DIVISION The Fire Suppression Division has a force of 211 officers and men operating on two twenty-four hour shifts and providing twenty-four hour service throughout the City of Lansing. A total of seventeen pieces of first -line apparatus and`two command cars are maintained with a daily minimum staffing level of fifty-nine personnel. Fire companies received training from the Fire Prevention Division in the inspection of residential dwellings and over 1,422 inspections were made. The division was actively engaged in Fire Prevention programs. during the year and officers continued pre -fire planning of schools, businesses, industries, and hospitals. Fire Suppression responded to 4,125 alarms in 1983 and approximately half of these were at night, averaging eleven alarms per day. Fires where substantial damage occurred, averaged a serious fire every 26.15 hours for a total of 335 fires. Extinguishing these fires required the use of 253,230 feet of fire hose for an average of 694 feet per day. A total of 4,961 feet of ladders were used for an average of 95 feet per week. Three hundred and two 12' x 14' salvage covers were spread at these fires to protect property from water, smoke and heat for a total of 50,736 square feet. The total pumping time of apparatus to extinguish these fires amounted to 469 hours and 3 minutes or approximately nineteen and one-half 24-hour days of pumping. Fire Suppression's total time responding to and from alarms and at the fire scene was4,351 hours and amounting to approximately 181 days. Fire apparatus traveled more than the distance around the earth in answering these emergency calls. 61 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT 1983 COMPANY OPERATIONS TOTAL TIME IN PUMPING APPARATUS ALARMS SERVICE TIME No. .1 Squad 6104 No. 10 S 37.8 179 �117P 2V 50'1 - ,quad No, 1 Engine 57� 1!30!1 No. 2 Engine 479 -94 4 '!l . V!Wl No. 3 Engine 0 34!25!! No. 4 Engine 9!! No;. 5 Engine 5,87 264! V! 2715" No., 6 Engine gi e 417 37'8" 7 Engine 364 168 7 17 1! 21125'! -No 7nglne 426 9!3 No.. '9 Engine 423 210.01-52!1 2 5 ! 5'! ,0 No ! `10 Engine 560 ;�40,1011 19!46'! "Platform 1 266 9711 31,1 0 ,No.. .2 Ladder 195 -114'! 381! 19,21! ;No ladder 3 27!5'! No. --Z Ladder 234 5 5V No.. 9 'Ladder 31,2 I 5,4,y 3-1 13!,25'7 #1 '14 40'5 5!' A..T.W.., 12 4 1.,20 -V - light ':Trucls 41 295 -94.!,2 5" 'Light 'Tr-uck 112 1,0,0 .4115_21'-' "Oomp- 'Truck 11 8 1,4 "'A9P (Car 3 '654 19T 29" ,',Car 4 ;374 ,:WORK -ACCOMPLISHED BY ALLTTRE COMPANIES Tunnber- ,of feet of -,water hp:r?,e 45,5 ,Number" _pf feet of high ,pressure hose 171,775 -o f ..-C 14, to -qigb �Z,170 Ppqnds, se4 _etix'��g "Number .of feet -of 'ladders A,961 °.Time -,In :service at fires and -,. -l" fire P -ng time :at �4 Pumping 6913!' ''Number 4f 'hydrants used ffor - f:kxe 'Nqr4ber iof Ltarptill'ins spread ;to -p-roteQt -Pr(?p 302 �S,cd.tt _tanks -filled-- ,2,251 Ilurst 7 _Dry 'Cheiiiical ' Extinguishers AyeaInes ( eM �esp once A rea ;� a c� c� e rs CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN FIRE LOSS BY MONTH - 1983 UNINSURED MONTH ALARMS VALUATION LOSS LOSS January 775 $ 45,232,791 $ 235,319 $18,500 February 711 43,709,750 155,369 4,100 March 940 87,229,640 124,151 8,250 April 829 69,621,122 32,204 500 May 952 403,962,311 75,734 16,125 June 1,036 69,827,223 157,436 2,050 July 1,049 26,181,142 256,711 5,550 August 965 69,168,412 135,656 7,700 September 1,000 66,274,891 69,338 3,325 October 846 6,569,040 115,457 2,940 November 831 53,603,000 162,053 7,875 December 1,018 229,551,826 365,660 21,825 10,952 $1,170,931,148 $1,885,088 $98,740 CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING FIRES No loss recorded-------------------------------- 65 Loss less than$100.00--------------------- ----- 36 Loss between $100.00 and $1,000.00-------------- 103 Loss between $1,000.00 and $10,000.00----------- 82 Loss between $10,000.00 and $20,000.00---------- 24 Loss between $20,000.00 and $30,000.00---------- 11 Loss over $30,000.00---------------------------- 14 Ambulance calls --------------------------------- 6,827 All other alarms -------------------------------- 3,790 TOTAL ALARMS------------------------------ 10,952 65 GfTY, of, t&sIN0:',, RICHIGAN tOTAI, OE' LAST' TEN'YP,'ARS; ANNUAL. REPORTS: TOTALTOTAL� UNINSUREDi. PER; CAPITA; E,,.M:. S� TOTAL VAIfJATMI�, TOTAL � LOSS- tOSS,. LOSS' C ALI' LI CS)'� 7, 638, $5-21,366,,)9,76. 00) $1,466,152'. 41 46,82:5. W $' 1,0.86� 1-974' 1, 9751 8',�254, - 486,390,993,�-O& 1,-,134.,;3'02'.,5,7,' Z6-,2'9&.4G0) &.37' 4,,699` 1976' 5,81,716,,891-:00, 1 1 20-Z,3691,05: 9,7,8-111.,00 8'.,84 5, 4 4-3 1971 8'$-745 2115,, 554,230-. O& 2,,,005,2181..-16� IZI, 112'.-00, 14,74. 5,,,4,88f 108- 4,232 486,886-,353'. 00 3,,19-1-.,,5,90).A6 139,135.00, 23.99; 5,747' 1979 10,161 265,144,118'.00 2',128, 54.--60: 15'4,,706,-:00! 16.10', 5,939) 6� i06 10,936 4,40, 761,457'. 001 M,205. 09 11. 86 6, 5 83 1981 i 0' i 4 7 2 5 2 9, 45 9,.9 1 7':, O'd 1,626,160,,22 115,850�.,00 12".79, 6,292' 101 10', 408' 742,965 j 894.00 1,,848,144.41 97,409.00' 14.93 6,499, 103 *10,.952 *1,170,931,148-00 1,995j650.09- 9&, 7 9 0. OG 14.43 *6.,827 *All. Time High; tk1971i Inkii-ed Total Loss - $3i612,156.46-)' Uninsured Total Logs $446,465-00; Per Capita Loss - $27-05 11,000- 10,500- 10,000- 9,500- 9,000- 8,500- 8,000- 7,500- 7,000- 6,500- 6,000- 5,500- 5,000- 4,500- 4,000- 3,500- 3,000- 2,500- 2,000- 1,500- 1,000- 500- 000- LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT ALARM COMPARISON 1974-1983 ACTUAL FIRES (BUILDING) 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 67 $3,700,000 3,600,000 3,500,000— 3,400,000 3,300,000 — 3,200,000 — 3,100,000 . 3,000,000 — 2,900,000 —. 2,800,000 — 2,700,000 2,600,000 2,500,000 — 2,400,000 . 2,300,000 2,200,00E 21100/000 2,000,000 1,900',000 1,800,000 1,7010,000 — 1,6001000 — 1,500,000 1,400,000 — 1,300;000' 1,200,000 — 1,100,000 — 1,000;000 — 900,000 $00;000 — 7001000. 600,000 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT ANNUAL FIRE LOSS 1974-1983 � �' 00 00 00 co rn rn rn rn rn rn rn rn rn T T T TT T T T T T NUMBER to 35 30 26 "'2o 15 to 0 FIRES TIME OF DAY Yso,R /983 -Feb 82 Comer» - NUMBER 106 e 70 '60 O 30 20 1. 1 FIRES. TIME OF -DAY.- - Y Al9�9-s3 9'7 95 92 92 8q 8y 8y 8q '78 �y �y 60 ( 0 5�{ 5� 52 yy s 39 37 0000 0100 6200 05W MO 0500 0600 700 0900 0900 10001100 1200 1300 Iy00 15001(.00 1700 IS00 1900 2000 2I00 2200 2300 -feb 82 (�gem FIRES: D4Y OF WEEK jQ�� 83 2 60 240" 2 20 r_ m TRAINING DIVISION ROBERT L. HODGES Chief Instructor 73 Training Division Personnel changes were made in this Division by the retirement of Deputy Chief Thomas D. McNamara, and Robert Hodges assumed the duties and responsibilities in the position of Deputy Chief. R. Steven Willard served as an Instructor for a short period and chose to return to Fire Suppression. James Florian was then assigned as a permanent Instructor and earned his Michigan State Instructor Certification. The responsibilities of Instructors include Basic Recruit Training (of 240 hours) for Michigan State Firefighter Certification — Training and Qualifying Apparatus Operators - Training in Basic and Advanced subjects related -to Firefighting. Our training programs have been formulated to actual fire fighting requirements, personnel safety and increasing skill and efficiency on the fireground, and also for members up for promotion. The Fire Department agility test was conducted for 27 candidates assisted by personnel from Fire Suppression, Dispatch, Fire Prevention Bureau and Maintenance. A 240 hour Michigan State Firefighters Certification School consisting of classroom and practical exercises: ropes, knots and hitches, ladder use, design and raises, climbing skills and carries, fire hose, nozzles, layouts and adaptors,'hydrant procedures, ventilation, salvage and over- haul practices, protective breathing equipment, foam (AFFF and high expan- sion), water systems and sprinklers, handling gas and electrical emergencies, elevators and the use care and maintenance of power hand tools; and empha- sizing practical safety in all phases; was completed by 13 Lansing Fire Department personnel and 1 East Lansing Fire Department person. Emily Petersen was assigned to Training Division during this class to assist with records and scheduling. The Training Officers worked with and qualified 273 apparatus operators: 180 on Engines, 45 on Aerial Ladders, 32 on Squads, 4 on Platform 1 and 4 Tillers. In addition, 10 Firefighters were trained and certified as apparatus drivers as required by the State of Michigan and these names were added to the Department's Second Driver list. Fire Suppression Officers and Engineers assisted considerably in improving the knowledge and skill of these apparatus operators, for which the Training Division is most grateful. The practical evolutions associated with continual training were accom- plished at various locations - Drill Tower - Fire Stations - the river - public streets and parking lots. Special classes that were conducted for the Department personnel were: Hazardous Materials by Tom Campbell of the Michigan State Firefighters Training Council; Natural Gas Emer- gencies by Consumers Power Company; Firefighter Safety by Rick Mahaney; Waterous Pump School by Steve Morlan; Elevator Emergencies by Otis Ele- vator;. Fire Department Liability by Steve Sawyer, City Attorney, and Sno-Foam Operation by F.M.C. Instructor Don Breilein. 74 Training Division - con't. This Division assisted in arranging and scheduling tours to the Michigan School ,for "the Blind, the Wastewater Treatment Plant-, Board of Water and Light Power Plants and the local Hospitals for "the Suppression Division. This Division also assisted the film company "Hag-Mat=Inc" in arranging, coordinating and scheduling personnel and apparatus for the production of a Iiazard6iis" Material training tape entitled "The First Responder:" Training Video Tapes were loaned to the Lansing Safety Council, Michigan State Firefighters Training Council, Meijers Loss Prevention Manager; Consumers Power Company and the Holt Fire Department. Public Service announcement tapes were provided to WJIM-TV and WFSL-TV, and the Lansing City Government Channel (28). Arrangements were made with Mr: Ron Onufer - City Council Research Analyst; and Continental Cablevision to receive and tape; via Satellite Weststar 4; the N.FcPeAz 'series "Universe of Knowledge," telecast weekly from January to March 1984. During the year the Drill Tower was used by: Lansiig_Community College for E.M.T. practical exercises Public Service Department for classes on Allison Transmissions Fire Garage for Pumper Capacity Testing 'of all Engines Board of Water and Light for Man Hole Rescue Classes Lansing Township Fire Department for Agility Testing Lansing Fire Department Explorer Scouts for meetings and Field Day Deputy Chief Hodges attended conferences and seminars designed to improve and update teaching technique's and methods at the National Fire Department Instructors Conference in Memphis.- Tenn., State Fire Instructors Confer- ence at Ann Arbor, the Michigan Chiefs Conference at Midland, Mi., the Hazardous Materials Response Team at Woodhaven, Mi., and Public Fire Education at Southfield and Westland, Mi. Captain Florian attended a Hazardous Material School at Dow Chemical in Midland, Mi., the Michigan Chiefs Conference and Fire Ground Commander School at Jackson, Mi Both Instructors completed the Fire Department Methodology Classes at Lansing Community College: The' members of this Division wish to express 'our appreciation for the cooperation: received from'the Board of Fire Commi:ssioners', the Admin-m Tstrstion, other City Departments and the members and D visioriS o'f the Fire Department. Respectfully submitted; Robert L. Hodges' Chief of Training 75 V rn DRIVERS TRAINING Engine Drivers Ladder Drivers Tillers Squad Drivers Platform Drivers Ambulance Drivers TOTAL DRIVERS QUALIFIED Road Miles Pump Time Hydrants Used Hose Laid Aerial Ladders Hours with Drivers RECRUITS Ground Ladders Hose Laid Aerial Ladders GRADUATED (Lansing Fire) (East Lansing Fire) ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES PUBLIC RELATIONS, SCHEDULING, ETC. TRAINING DIVISION - 1983 TOTALS SPECIAL TRAINING HOURS CLASSES PEOPLE 180 State Certified Drivers 2 45 Pump Class (Lansing Fire Dept.) 2 4 Pump Class (Other Departments) 2 32 Platform 6 4 Hydraulics 3 8 Jake Brake 15 Pump Simulator 2 273 Foam 2 Water Tower/Rescue Basket 2 Rescue Basket (for Bd. Water & Light) 2 Rescue Basket (in coop with Bd W & L) 2 1,132 miles 5" Hose 2 312 hours Hose Inflator 2 141 Firefighter Safety (Lansing Fire) 2 19,200 feet Firefighter Safety (Other Depts.) 2 14,930 feet Pole Top/Man Hole Rescue (Lansing) 2 1,140 hours Pole Top/Man Hole Rescue (Bd. W & L) 2 Extracation 2 Hazardous Materials 2 Officer Tactics/Strategy 3 Ventilation 2 Agility Testing (with F.P.B., 1,974 feet Disp., Maint., & Suppression) 12 3,000 feet Fire Officer Liability 2 5,600 feet Safety Conference - Civic Center 4 Job Safety (Laps. Comm. College) 2 13 Line Gun (Lansing Police Dept.) 2 1 Scotts (Ingham Med. Hospital) 3 Scotts (Waste Water Plant) 2 Press Demonstration #3 Station 2 Hospital Tours 2 1,330 hours Tour - Michigan School for the Blind 2 Flowmeter - Garage 3 Tour - Waste Water Plant 2 Basic Pump Operation 3 TRAINING -HOURS 10 9 180 2 59 236 2 29 116 3 19 342 3 9 81 34 510 15 15 450 2 28 112 4 6 48 4 146 1,168 4 57 456 9 87 1,566 1 9 18 4 115 920 4 60 480 4 57 456 4 146 1,168 4 69 552 1 13 26 3 5 45 3 30 180 2 27 648 2 36 144 2 7 56 1 15 30 1 3 6 1 3 9 7 40 560 1 8 16 4 74 592 4 64 512 2 4 24 4 42 336 3 4 36 Rules and Regu^latons/D'epart3nerit For�ible' Entr--"y Roge Polr"table Ext ngui_slier's Ladder Practices 1i©se Practices/Lays 8a11page and 0`yerhaul Tire Stre&ms gam App_'aratus - Engine _Hgok Ups and Procedures `Uent i`la.ton Hater=Manhole=Pole Top _Rescue Pr-gtective Breathing 'First Aid InsPec:tion �--_r-aetiees Water Supplies 50inkle_r Systems Aix eraft Fire Science Alarm and Communication Public 'Relations and CA.R.E,S. A_r-son Utilities Building Codes Bulletins, Ngtices, etc. Hazar-dous Materials High Rise Offices_- Tr-aining P_r-e-Fire Planning Repor-t' Wr_iting _ Street Locations To.o1s And Equipment Engineer Tr-aining Women in- Fire Service Physical Fitness, Spanish Class Firemansh p = Safety 1�T'-;8:EUIQ TRAINING' 1:9.83 -il 44 465 �':7 ��8 b9 ��:1,0 i! TOTAL. 96 - 81 45' 41 32 .55, 48: 43 441 , I 6 10 3' 7 i s 26 4l 7�6 10'2 �54 :42. ; 4.1 67 76 i 169 '868 2.. 15 4 8 ! :8 61 .6.5 86 6 lb 43 72 25 307 285 155 265 114 26 i' 106 254 162 i 212 1519 153 51 65 54 2.0 30 83 8 53 517 ,66 _3 75 4<i 51 7 23 2 82 350 22 6 18 9 - 55 6$,6 265 383 110 113 -121 423 143 234 2478 97 66 7.0 57 7 12 21 16 47 393 _150 37 .6 57 19 9 42 2 26 348 175 1.14 46 25 18 39 142 168 53 780 40 12 59 21 11 9 20 42 214 180 25 9 88 60 57 24 41 31 515` 247 144 201 129 60 91 275 87 234 1468 2.01 19 20 31 27 6 43 21 21 389 60 13 6 2 3 23 8 115 6 9 15 154 12 6 4 7 20 18 56 18 295 92 5 34 29 18 46 224 41.4 129 154 52 24 49 131 117 151 1221 6.6 18 84 16 6 16, 3 8 49 3 18 21 103 50 160 16 12 8 51 15 45 460 549 292 10 100 19 121 94 112 1.36 1433 25 19 16 18 8 86 6 6 2 2 3 18 37 121 181 22 22 43 73 16 478 7 7 4 7 13 20 58 770 441 330 301 161 92 430 556 483 3564 900 474 432 359 199 71 706 765 583 4489 277 94 159 137 12 79 251 178 99 1286 18 13 6 8 45 179. 127 96 127 2 49 217 8 27 832 60 24 28 16 14 142 8,8 32, 48 20 8 41 42 279 TOTAL TRAINING HOURS 6547 3022 2809 2041 976 1180 3634 2792 2941 25,942. GARAGE RAY FELDPAUSCH Garage Superintendent CENTRAL GARAGE The following work was accomplished in 1983: The construction of the new addition to the Central Garage at 312 North Cedar was approximately 3/4 completed. - All volume pumps passed the pump certification tests with the exception of No. 2 Engine. The bodies of Engine No. 4'and Ladder No. 9 were completely refurbished. The diesel engine in No. 2 Ladder and the gas engine in No. 1 Ladder were rebuilt. No. 6 Ladder a 1955 Seagrave was cannibalized for parts. The rear axle assemblies were replaced in Engine No. 1, Engine No. 4 and Ladder No. 8 with rebuilt Rockwell No. R170. Rebuilt the volume pump in Engine No. 1 and 9. Installed a two speed Jacobs engine brake in No. 3 Ladder. Installed front seat Scott brackets in all first -line engines, ladders and squads, except #4 and #10 Engines. Added two automobiles to Fire Prevention, Units #54 and #56. Goals for the coming year are as follows: 1. Move into the new Apparatus Division addition located -at Central Garage, 312 North Cedar Street. 2. Rebuild the volume pump in No. 2 Engine. 3.. Run pump certification tests on all volume pumps. 4. Rebuild engine for the compressor on Air Compressor No. 1. 5. Have the bodies of No. 2 and 9 Engine completely refurbished. 6. Update our portable generator units by purchasing two new units. 7. Obtain bids for a new ambulance, two new pumping engines and one ladder platform. 79 LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT APPARATUS; IN SERVICE APPARATUS' #i Engine and Squrt - Seagraves #2 Engine - Joyce #3 Engine — Seagraves #4 Engine - Seagraves #5 Engine - Seagraves #6 Engine - Seagraves #7 Engine Wards #8 Engine = Howe #9 Engine - Joyce #10 Engine, Seagraves, Second -Line #20 Engine, Seagraves, Second -Line #21 Engine, Seagraves, Second -Line #22 Engine, Seagraves, Second -Line Squad #1 - American Squad #10 - John. Bean Squad #3, John Bean, Second -Line All Terrain Vehicle #1 All Terrain Vehicle #2. Light Truck #1 Light Truck #2 Air Compressor #1 #1 Ladder, Seagraves, Second -Line #2 Ladder - Seagraves #3 Ladder —Seagraves #8 Ladder - Seagraves #9 Ladder - Seagraves 'Platform #1--Calavar Fire Bird Command Car No,. 1 �Chief's'Car No. 101 Asst. Chief's Car No. 102 Asst. Chief's Car No. 103 Deputy Chief's Car No. 3 Deputy Chief's Car No. 4 Fire Prevention Car'No. 50 Fire Prevention Car No. 51 'Fire Prevention Car`No. 52 ire Prevention ,Car 'No.• `53 Fire Prevention Car 'No. '55 Ambulance'No.. 40 . Ambulance No. 41 'Ambulance No.-42 Ambulance No.. 43 Ambulance`No. 44 'Training ,Car No. '80 Field .Service No.. �81 'Fire Prevention -,Car No. `54 'Fire Prevention ,Car No,. '56 CAPACITY AND: MAKE' PURCHASED, 1,250. G.P.M. Diesel ll/69 1,2.50, G.P.M. Diesel 4/75 1,250. G.P.M. Diesel 11/'6,9 1,2.50 G.P.M. Diesel 12/6,5 1,250 G.P.M. Diesel 7/180, 1,250 G.P.M. Diesel.. 3/66 1,2.50 G.P.M. Diesel 7/72 1,250 G.P.M. Diesel 4/78 110250 G.P.M. Diesel 4/75 1,250 G.P.M. Diesel 12/651 1,000 G.P.M. 5/54 1,000 G.P.M. Diesel 8/56. 1,,000 G.P.M. 8/49 High Pressure Diesel 1,2/75 High Pressure Diesel 8/75 High Pressure Diesel 2/69 Ford Bronco 6/69.. G.M.C. 4-Wheel Drive 12/73,. Ford 3/4 Ton, 12.5 KVA Gen. 8/74 -GMC 3/4 Ton; 12.5 KVA Gen. 6/73 Ing/Rand Comp. Ford 1 Ton 801 100' Aerial (Tiller) 9/65 85' Aerial (Diesel-Midship) 11/67 100' Aerial Rear Mt.. Diesel 7/76 100' Aerial Rear Mt. Diesel 10/71 100' Aerial Rear Mt, Diesel 12/'73 100' Articulating/Tele. Arm 6_ 9, Oldsmobile Station Wagon 2/76 Oldsmobile Cutlass 11/79 Oldsmobile Cutlass 12/79 Oldsmobile Cutlass 12/79 Chevrolet Suburban 4/79 G..M.C. Suburban 4/8.0 Oldsmobile Cutlass 3/78 Oldsmobile Cutlass 3/78 Oldsmobile Cutlass 11/78 Oldsmobile Vista .Cruiser 12/77 'Oldsmobile Cutlass 1/80 Ford Module Type III 3/78 ,Chevrolet Module Type III 4/81 -Chevrolet Module Type III 9/80 .Chevrolet Module Type III 12/7.9 ,Chevrolet Module Type I 19/82 Cutlass ,Station Wagon 11/76 :G,.M..C. Motor Home 1/76 ,Oldsmobile ;Cutlass 2/78 _Oldsmobile Cutlass 11/78 �8Q APPARATUS IN SERVICE - Continued APPARATUS Mobile Workshop No. 70 Supply Truck No. 71 Supply Truck No. 72 Alarm Bucket Truck No. 60 Alarm Pick -Up No. 61 Alarm Bucket Truck No. 63 Alarm Jimmy No. 64 Alarm Snowplow No. 65 81 CAPACITY AND MAKE PURCHASED G.M.C. 1/2 Ton 3/78 G.M.C. Sierra 25 12/78 G.M.C. 3/4 Ton Dump 4/80 G.M.C. 1 Ton 2/79 G.M.C. 3/4 Ton 4-Wheel Dr. 10/77 G.M.C. 1 Ton 6/80 G.M.C. 4-Wheel Drive 12/78 Ford 1 Ton Line Body 5/74 HISTORY OF MAJOR FIRES CITY OF LANSING, MICHIGAN HISTORY OF MAJOR FIRES DATE TIME BUILDING 2-06-12 6:30 P.M. Downey Hotel 3-11-14 9:35 A.M. Michigan Millers 1-27-15 10:30 P.M. Buck Garage 3-14-15 8:35 A.M. Segar Eng. Works 2-24-16 6:33 A.M. State Building 12-21-16 4-57 P.M. Lansing Wagon Works 1-11-17 12:04 A.M. Lansing Wagon Works 2-05-18 11:24 P.M. Dudley - Luce 12-18-19 1:47 A.M. Hudson House 1-15-80 10:15 P.M. Olds Motor Works 2-05-20 8:10 P.M. Dancer Brogan 3-01-20 11:20 P.M. Women's Club House 12-28-20 1:50 A.M. Prudden Building 2-02-21 1:19 A.M. Francis Apt. 6-06-21 11:30 P.M. Worden Grocery 11-23-21 12:18 A.M. Clear Bauer Barn 12-15-21 6:30 P.M. Larabee Sport Shop 4-16-23 6:40 P.M. Bird Estate 12-27-23 4:20 P.M. Blanding Garage 12-28-23 5:10 A.M. Oakland Building 3-24-24 4:55 A.M. Bauch Building 11-25-24 1:25 P.M. Lansing Ice & Fuel 3-05-25 2:45 A.M. Hadley Apts. 6-06-25 11:08 P.M. Furman Clothing Co. 11-18-25 1:16 A.M. R.J. Christie 8-25-26 11:35 P.M. Lansing Bedding 1-31-27 4:47 A.M. Burdick Apts. 4-11-27 1:59 P.M. Orpheum Theater 6-1-27 10:35 P.M. Allen - DeKlein 7-23-27 11:04 P.M. Abby & Walters 8-12-27 10r29 P.M. Borden Milk Works 11-28-27 3:45 P.M. Beck Clothing 3-11-28 12:45 P.M Dancer Brogan 12-07-28 7:16 P.M. Louis Estfan 10-28-29 P.M. 617 W. Ottawa 11-17-30 5:38 P.M. D & C Warehouse 1-19-31 12:58 A.M. State Capitol 6-13-31 .3:22 A.M. Cushman & Carl 7-19-31 12:05 P.M. Wilson Leather 5-06-33 1:10 A.M. Jury Rowe 5-07-33 10:40 A.M. Crosby Tile Works 10-26-33 1:33 A.M. Daylight Baking 12-11-34 5:30 A.M. Hotel Kerns 4-23-38 5:35 P.M. Montgomery Wards 9-29-39 2:22 P.M. Walgreen Drug 83 INSURED FIRE LOSS DEATHS 109,991.65 11,960.79 3,000.00 8,195.68 8,100.00 40,075.77 14,570.00 14,515.00 42,529.30 8,800.00 19,017.25 17,500.00 163,800.00 116,027.00 233,000.00 3,700.00 20,080.00 74,924.75 21,914.08 142,575.00 22,191.17 17,386.67 32,201.80 16,159.87 6,990.22 10,927.43 15,632.00 16,900.00 51,200.00 32,081.99 7,066.00 9,277.00 13,839.53 9,576.00 20,766.69 8,822.20 5,500.00. 21,208.49 12,115.79 61,175.73 3,433.26 5,059.50 199,044.58 4,000.00 1 32 City of Lansing, Michigan History of Major Fires - Continued Page Two INSURED FIRE DATE TIME BUILDING LOSS DEATHS 2-10-41 3c55 A.M. Woolworth's 23,000.00 4-05-41 6:22 P.M. Elevator -Grand 10,919.78 10-13-41 8:26 A.M. Lyons Oil Co. 25,500.00 5-26-42 8:25 A.M. Fisher -Body Explosion 4 7-07-42 7:30 P.M. Carrief Stevens 20,000.00 7-09-42 9:56 P.M. Sun Oil Explosion 1 12-07-42 8:52 P.M. Michigan School Service 34,733.00 12-25-42 6:29 A.M. Carrier Stevens 9-10-43 6:13 P.M. Barker Shoes 10,000.00 4--09-44 3:50 A.M. Redman Bros. 124,500.00 4-15-44 9:40 P.M. Dairy equipment 24,000.00 4-21-44. 1:30 A.M. Federal Furniture 17,000.00 4-24-44 1:41 A.M. 316 N. Larch 44,954.00 11-30-44 2:25 A.M. Bradley's 34,261.00 12-9-44 11:34 P.M. Oldsmobile 18,000.00 1-28-45 8:.37 P.M. Capitol Wrecking 13,965.00 4-06-45. 1:11 P.M. Strand Bowling Alley 34,508.88 4-24-45 3:38 A.M. Rikard Lumber 96,000.0.0 4-24-45 3:44 A.M. Jury Rowe 87,670.00 10-217-45 7:51 A.M. Recreation Bowling Alley 216,346.00 6-2$=46 12:05 A.M. Bailey - Smith 10,876.00 11-13-46 9:15 P.M. Jury Rowe 14,200.00 11-77-46 4:18 A.M. Tally -Ho Club" 12,000.00 8-10-47 8:41 A.M. Fried -land Iron 12,701.00 12-01-47 8:59, A.M. North Presbyterian 17,500.00 12-18'-47' 8:34 A.M. Reo Motors 11, 000.00 1'-131-4a, 6:49 A.M. 926 W. Washington 12,.400.00 2-2.9=4.8', 8:45 A.M. D & Store 45,600.00 11-30-49. 1:.46 R.M. 1300 Eureka (Church) 13,276.00 IZ.-212=49 4:11 A.H. Gladstone''s 36,675.00 2-0.8,51 12:40'P.M. Lewis Cass 1,455,691.00 3-16-52 5:38 A.M. Reel's Shoes 131,265.00 4-23-52 8':25, P.M. 111 E`., Washtenaw 53,000.00 6-21-52? 6:40, A.M'. 42$ N.. Walnut 30;500.00 1-31-54, 7:.05 P�.M'.. Federal Drop Forge 197,845.79 4-.13=54 12':,29, A.M. 305 E., Grand' River 18, 395.25 47-29, 5,5 8':,48 A.M., Arbaugh "s Warehouse 458, 584. 50' 10-22=55. 8':29- P°.M'." 801 W. Ottawa 22, 040. 04 3=25,-r 5':A& PIX., 111-115 S ." Grand 30,100. 00- $7--3',Qr-56i 1:30 P'.M.. England Cook 23, 000.00 4- 2,42' A.M'.. Grants" 99,135.00 06;-08;-_U/ 7:18' P.M'.. 307 E'.. Shiawassee 78,745.00 5:7t 6:,,3:4 A.M. 4,00 N. Larch 22,800.00 3,-01-5,$ 3.:0O A.M'- Barnes' Floral 20',:562.00, T-•2'4,— 59) 1: 481 A,,.M'., N7-9,' Market 19, 000. 00 &18) A.M'., Boulevard; Lounge 21, 430,08 6,0) 10; 47' A,.Mf. 1701 V., Kalamazoo, 45'011,00` M. City of Lansing, Michigan History of Major Fires - Continued Page Three DATE TIME BUILDING 9-28-60 12:01 A.M. 2400 Beal St. 2-17-61 1:30 A.M. Lansing Plating Co. 6-01-62 9:51 P.M. Shafer Bakery 9-23-62 2:32 A.M. Amedeo Cabaret 10-14-62 4:48 A.M. Basel's Second Hand 1-14-63 9:34 P.M. Capitol Plating 2-23-63 6:50 P.M. 2715 Alpha (Warehouse) 5-25-63 4:37 P.M. Imperial Tile 11-8-63 1:45 P.M. Moores Power Plant 3-01-64 6:21 A.M. Gates Lumber 7-19-65 2:40 P.M. LeLand Iron & Metal 8-26-65 2:52 A.M. 3133 Pleasant Grove 12-26-65 10:44 A.M. 2126 Moores River Drive 2-07-66 6:38 P.M. 1712 W. Ottawa (43 homes damaged) 3-06-66 10:04 P.M. University Olds 5-27-66 1:32 P.M. Hotel Roosevelt 8-02-66 4:06 A.M. Michigan Furniture (Exposure Loss) 10-19-66 11:15 P.M. Capitol Transmission 11-25-66 10:58 A.M. 2519 Pleasant Grove Road 12-1-66 3:29 A.M. Lewis Cass Building" 4-03-67 12:24 P.M. Parker Memorial Church, 1902 E. Cavanaugh 5-17-67 3:12 A.M. Capitol Park Motel, 500,S. Capitol 1-30-68 12:43 P.M. Gordon's Clothing, 1137 S. Washington 12-30-68 5:33 A.M. 815 Britten (Dwelling) 1-13-69 2:31 P.M. Capitol Park Motel, 500 S. Capitol 2-16-69 6:39 P.M. Lansing Lewis Co.,636 E. Michigan 3-14-69 2:51 A.M. American Mobil Products, 1234 S. Holmes 3-31-69 2:00 A.M. Riverside Motel, 112 E. Main St. 5-06-69 10:04 P.M. Family Food Market, 1001 W. Saginaw 10-15-69 7:10 A.M. Martin Block Co., 1520 E. Main 12-24-69 5:54 A.M. Wig Importers, 1820 E. Michigan Ave. 12-27-69 6:19 P.M.. Zales Jewelry -Brooks Clothing 207-209 S. Washington Ave. 1-25-70 2:48 P.M. Lansing Lewis Co., 636 E. Michigan Ave. 2-5-70 7:12 A.M. 801 Sandlyn (Dwelling Explosion) 4-14-70 4:34 P.M. Marshall Music & Capitol Furs 402-406 S. Washington Ave. 4-30-70 8:30 A.M. Olds Motors, 920 Townsend 5-16-70 3:11 A.M. Willow Mews Apts.,540 W. Willow 12-12-70 4:24 P.M. D & H Die Co., 1109 River St. 2-08-71 2:04 A.M. 4714 Aurelius Rd., Standard Block Co. 2-25-71 12:43 P.M. 213 W. Allegan, Plymouth Congregational Church 2-27-71 6:48 P.M. Terzian Warehouse, Grand Rapids Sash and Door Co., 1300,1301,1307 Turner St. 3-07-71 5:44 A.M. Lavey Apts. 1025 N. Washington 85 INSURED FIRE LOSS • DEATHS 25,750.00 38,233.07 43,000.00 91,843.00 25,138.00 45,000.00 30,000.00 23,953.13 47,000.00 22,631.19 40,976.00 34,000.00 22,000.00 35,903.83 27,000.00 204, 000•. 00 37,000.00 55,000.00 28,000.00 24,000.00 24,404.23 28,000.00 68,088.27 32,000.00 43,635.00 44,000.00 155,144.57 23,870.15 97,125.37 30,700.00 35,000.00 1 1 3 547,128.00 51,000.00 52,557.09 1 288,133.76 (1-Fireman) 324,000.00 115,000.00 230,000.00 103,000.00 1,200,000.00 1,213,400.00 4 58,000.00 City of'L1.ansng,- History of Maj;o.r Page Four- DA g TIME. Michigan Fires Continued' 4;-22` 7i1. & 51 A::M 12 12.-71 8;:04 12 30=7=1 1:3T AM'.: 1-2J-71 12 7, T 0021 A.A.r 1=2 20,a7{2 12 22=72; 2-17--73, 6-=09, 73f 10, 19=73 3'-4. 7;45 8=22 7„4 T2 14„-74� 3-25 7r5 4=26- 75' 4= 6-09-751 6'=20=75% 7=17=zl% 7-26- 15 1=18`=76*. 4=8=--76. 4-17=16i�, 6-17=76-, 7=16.-76 8'=13=76t 11 1` 6 11-284=761 12 10416� 1=18-7.7/ 3=10�:77% 8.= 9=6 :77ti 11 4-77 r 12� 3=771 3=16=78 3=20=:78;: 4=14=78- 0406 0504; A.;, 0241,' A.M.; 1030 A:M.`:; 02591 A.M ; 043T A'.M'. 2044, 1-.M.; 04-41 A.M., G418 A'-M:: 232911 0505 A.M r 0034- A._M:; 1343; P.M_,, 1059r A_.M:.r 0811 A:M.. 0753 A.M.F 1816 0542, A.M 0400', At. 1436, P'.M. 1731 P.M., 1407 Y.M. 0164 A.M:. 03524 A.M., 17134T.M: . 0102'A.M. 0123-A.M., 04257'A_M..; 2206�IP NTr 0416-�A.M,. l617 , P .9, 0234A.M:, 1408' P' M; 2120P M,- 0057 -AAC'. 0305•A.M._: 0148'A-.M INSURED FIRE BUILDING LOSS DEATHS Olds Motor Co'., 920 Townsend 81000.00 First Presbyterian Church,' 211 North Chestnut 62,000.00 Eastern High School, 220 N. Pennsylvania 50',000.00 Motel 66, 112 East Main Street 35,000.00 American Industrial Sales, 3600. N'. Grand' River 32,000.00 4 Warehouse at 416 E. Hazel 75,613.74 Dwelling at 1'650 Nottingham 56,000.00 Dwelling -at 2'709 Deerfield 44,176.64 Apartments at 1103 W. Ottawa 40,000.00 Dwelling at 6219: Lerner Way 50,459.12 7 Apartments at1125 N`.? Washington 3'7, 500.00 Midway Realty at: 5646 Commerce Ave. 59,500.00' Wolverifilbz Developmerit. at 226 Russell 80", 000.00 Frontier Bar'-, 820 Fillet' Street 90,000.00 Dwell ing-1912 William Street 36,600.00, Jack Pot Party Store, 292Z S-. Cedar 45,000.00. Fisher Body Div.:, of G.M.,, 401 N. Verlinden360;,006.00' Apartsments at� 3515 Bayview, Wgi000..00 bids Plaza, 125 W., Michigan.. 81,000.00 Tony-'s Lounge,,•2706 N.. Grand River 38,000.00 Dwelling-2025 N. Hampden 54;400.00 Multi -Bus. & Residentail, 1923 Turner 62,000.00, Dwelling=2925:Newark, 31,000.00 Modern Audio Tech.., 605-07 E. Michigan 30,000'..00 Dwelling=11141-� S.• Grand 35,500'..00 Hammond -Mfg., 2227 Spikes 30,000.00 St..Paul Espiscopal Church, 40,000.00 218 W. Ottawa St. Dwelling -at 2800•Tecumseh Dwelling• at,800 W. Lenawee Eastern High School, 220 N Pennsylvania B.W.&L:.-at 300 Island -St. Wholesale-Business,at. 2610 N. Grand River- Dwellirig at 6312-: Yunker Dwelling at 2034 W. Lenawee' Dwelling = 1100iOntario-` Lansing` Transmission, 220�S. Larch Dwelling at-2918 Cumberland, Lansing, Ice• 7: Fuel, 911 Center- St..• Universal Bandag, 819 Terminal.Rd. Apartment`- Complex�at 4021 W. Jolly,Rd.. Holiday: Inn: at* 6501f S :., Pennsylvania 519'-E. Michigan, Business- 1625 Comfort, Dwelling 610 E. Grand River, Schultz, Snyder &,Ste`ele= 35,'000.00 40,000.00 100,'000.00 37', 500.00 34, 27'0.-00 34,000.00 32,000.00 36', 500.00 52; 000.00'� 30,000.00 295,382.00 100,000.00 600,000.00 50,000:00 55,000.00 42,000.00 963,300.00 M City of Lansing, Michigan History of Major Fires - Continued Page Five DATE 5-4-78 5-7-78 5-7-78 5-8-78 6-23-78 8-12-78 9-4-78 9-7-78 9-24-78 12-24-78 1-26-79 4-6-79 5-4-79 6-5-79 6-15-79 6-28-79 7-2-79 10-30-79 4-17-80 7-10-80 12-21-80 2-22-81 7-16-81 7-24-81 9-6-81 12-10-81 12-20-81 12-30-81 2-1-82 2-20-82 7-29-82 9-23-82 10-12-82 12-31-82 1-30-83 2-8-83 3-24-83 6t19-83 7-27-83 8-2-83 11-2-8 12-27-8 6-22-83 TIME BUILDING INSURED FIRE LOSS DEATHS 2319 P.M. 4312 S. Logan, M-9 Market 276,900.00 1950 P.M. 725 W. Barnes, Barnes Floral 52,000.00 2057 P.M. 436 N. Walnut St., St. Paul's Church of Christ 38,000.00 1255 P.M. 2200 S. Washington, Federal Drop Forge 709'000.00 2002 P.M. 5724 S. Logan, Food Market 63,000.00 1638 P.M. 221 N. Washington, Michigan Bell 200,000.00 1213 P.M. 920 Townsend, Oldsmobile 115,000.00 lli5_..9A.M. 1404 N. Larch, Barrels, Inc. 80,000.00 0323 A.M. 1201 S. Washington, Grand Trunk Warehouse 300,000.00 0137 A.M. 3224 E. Saginaw, Howard Johnson's Restr. 50,000.00 1738 P.M. Lansing Drop Forge, 2807 S. Logan 30,000.00 0009 A.M. Intern'1 Truck Sales, 1700 N. Grand River 700,000.'00 2114 P.M. Apartment House, 307 S. Larch 36,500.00 0541 A.M. Dwelling at 804 Fred 92,000.00 1733 P.M. Dwelling at 1805 Dell Rd. 33,000.00 1503 P.M. 5732 Haag Rd. 21,743.00 1504 P.M. Dwelling at 1750 Wellington 55,000.00 1120 A.M. 1120 Chesly 5,000.00 1031 A.M. Dwelling at 3416 Radford 40,000.00 0449 A.M. Dwelling at 4044 Glenburne 47,893.00 0050 A.M. Business at 901 River, Campbell Inc. 70,000.00 (3 Fire Deaths in 1980) 0014 A.M. Business at 124 E. Washtenaw 111,600.00 2006 P.M. Apartments at 1507 S. Washington 53,912.99 1958 P.M. Business at 522 E. Michigan 40,413.86 11Q5 Shepard 2128 P.M. Apartment at 51611 E. Grand River 84,750.00 0251 A.M. Business at 960 W. Kalamazoo 60,000.00 2127 P.M. Dwelling at 2223 Wellesley 42,500.00 2002 P.M. Apartments at 125 East Oakland 40,126.35 0714 A.M. Apartments at 835 North Chestnut 40,000.00 2039 P.M. Business at 3411 E. Michigan (Silver Dollar) 190,000.00 2348 P.M. Business at 111 S. Capitol (Plaza Hotel) 250,000.00 1912 P.M. Offices & Apartments at 1003 N. Washington 157,000.00 0558 A.M. Dwelling at 2127 Vassar 64,500.00 Apartments at 1409 E. Michigan Avenue 53,314.27 Dwelling at 322 W. Maple 40,000.00 Apartments at 310 W. Maple 51,000.00 Business at 929 E. Michigan (Quick Print) 60,063.95 Warehouse at 1116 Case Street 120,000.00 Business at 112 N. Larch (Design Works) 62,054.53 Oldsmobile Motors, 92.Q.Townsend 72,000.00 Utility at 300 Island 200,300.00 Business at 930 E. Michigan (Pollack Glass) 68,500.0.0 Fires listed for 1940's Over $10,000 Fires listed for 1950's Oyer $15,000 Fires listed for 1960's Over $20,000 Fires listed for 1970's Over $30,000 Fires listed for 1980's Over $40,000 87 1 1 1 1 MISCELLANEOUS LANSING FIRE FIGHTERS AUXILIARY The first meeting,of.the Lansing Fire Fighters Auxiliary was held "February 16, 1975, at the home of Mary Alexander with five people attending. Through many weeks of serious talks, the original By -Laws were approved and adopted on July 16, 1975. The first officers to hold position were: Joan Miller, President; Carol Lewis, Vice President; Sandra Griggs, Secretary; and, Nancy Ness, Treasurer. The first few meetings were held at individual's homes. With progress showing, the meetings were then held at the Metropolitan Club, then on to the Methodist Church on Jolly Road, No. 4 Fire Station, and on to the Union Hall on Lansing Road, where the meetings are presently being held. June 1, 1976, is the date the Lansing Auxiliary became chartered members of the Ladies Auxiliary, International Association of Fire Fighters. They are honored and recognized throughout the United States and Canada. At the time of the charter, the members were: Carol Lewis, Sandra Griggs, Gail Bissell, Sharon Nadeau, Mary Sharp, Kathy Dell, Tanis Debnar, Mary Alexander, Penny Betcher, Sue George, Jan Holliday, Ruth Patterson, Betty Jensen, Anna Holliday, Mary Eisele, Pam Wilson, Leah Hazelton, and Rosemary-Jedlicka. The present officers are: Maxine Lance, President; Peggy Jones, Vice President; Marion Guthrie, Secretary; and Roxanne Jackson, Treasurer. The Auxiliary donated $500 to the Sparrow Burn Unit in 1983. 89 BOX 23 ASSOCIATES LANSING. MICHIGAN Special recognition is hereby given to the Box 23 Associates from the members of the Lansing Fire Department for services provided to them. On December ll, 1937, a group of fire fans organized with a common interest in'the Lansing Fire Department, and its activities. The group became known as the "Box 23 Associates" a name derived from Alarm Box No. 23 from which came the alarm for Lansing's most disasterous fire, The Hotel Kerns. The aims of the Club are to boost the Fire Department; to put before the public, in a quiet and dignified manner, the best interests of the Fire Department; and to bind together a group of men who have firefighting as a hobby. The, twenty=three volunteer members -of the "Box 23 Association" meet once a month.in their Club Room at the Credit Bureau of Greater Lansing and twice a year have dinner with firefighters at the stations on a rotating basis in an effort to keep in contact with the firefighters of the City of Lansing. During times of disaster, the "Box 23 Association" provide such services to our firefighters as dry gloves and socks, hot coffee and doughnuts in cold weather, cold beverages'in hot weather, watching equipment or any other duties requested by the Fire Department at the scene of a fire. On May 21,. 1977, the City of.Lansing deemed it fitting and proper to set aside and proclaim that day as•"Box 23 Association Day" in Lansing and asked that all citizens of this community recognize the members of this extremely fine organization for the special services they render to the Lansing,Fire Department. On behalf of the members of the Lansing Fire Department, I wish to extend MY sincere thanks and appreciation to the "Box 23 Associates." Al Chapman, Chief Ralph_ Swan, Deputy Chief Dave Rule, Secretary Bill Dodge, Treasurer Joe Popevich., Quartermaster Jack Allen Thomas B:allmer John Doyle Wayne Fineout Frank,Goodell Doug Horner LeRoy Hewitt Joe Kelly Dick.Lathrop 90 Lance Lynch Charles Main Dave Post Edwin Rankin Jack Rathbun Jim. Roe Richard Russell Duane Vernon Gerald Wahl FIREFIGHTER'S LOCAL #421 A BRIEF HISTORY In the early thirties, a small group of men in the Lansing Fire Department believing in the principals of unionism and ,having the courage of their convictions, risked their jobs trying to lay the foundation for the organization of a Fire Department Union. On March 22, 1935, their diligent efforts were awarded. A charter was granted and received from the International Association of Fire- fighters and on that day, Local #421 Lansing Firefighter's Union was born. The charter members were: Waldo Peterson Charles Decker Lyle Griffin Gordon Jones Lewis Hethorn Chester Pierson Samuel Fisher Olaf Elder John Forner Roy Seymour Roy Gleason Andrew Shadduck Robert Metz William Jones George Spaulding Lynford Scott Lyal Feazel Since 1935, Local #421 has achieved a long list of accomplishments it can be justly proud of. Before November 3, 1936, firefighters retired at a maximum of $50.00 a month. Through the unending efforts of Local #421, members retiring after July 1, 1981, will receive a minimum of 623,�% of their highest two year average compensation earned. The maximum percentage could be 77k%. Local #421 actually came of age in 1955, when it won official recogni- tion as the representative of the members of the Fire Department by the Lansing City Council. Local #421 representatives have met and conferred with the City Council on wages, hours, and fringe benefits for its members continually from that date. In 1965 the Legislature passed Act 378, the "Collective Bargaining Law" for public employees and in 1969 it adopted Act 312, the "Binding Arbitration Law." Local #421 members went through some very trying and difficult times in those years of official collective bargaining, but the Local has emerged an effective and responsible guardian of its members' rights and has obtained for its members one of ,the truly finest collective bargaining agreements enjoyed by firefighters anywhere in the nation. Local #421 and its 236 members are living proof of the precept: "In unity there is strength." 91 14 J 0 11 y i. . LANSING FIRE DEPARTMENT EXPLORER POST 421 The Lansing Fire Department began chartering the Exploring Program in February 1976. They have built their program into an outstanding one in recent years. With one of the most active and community service oriented programs: in the exploring division today. Explorers who join Post 421 receive excellent leadership experience, as: well as many exposures to the world of firefighting and emergency services. Explorers gain skills through emergency medical training, first -aid, equipment handling, proficiency building, and ride -a -long programs in.both ambulance and firefighting vehicles. The'Post has recently completed the F.T.C. 66-Hour Firefighting Course. The'Explorers are competent and level headed in times of crisis. Many of them are preparing to enter firefighting or related careers. Post 421 has received the honors -of The Most Improved Post of 1983, with Advisor of the Year going to Lieutenant Samuel Hopkins. The Post has participated in area -wide exploring fire training conferences. Lansing Fire Department's Post has been most supportive in furnishing the emergency first - aid stations.with.vehicles, equipment, expertise, and manpower at all Council events and many district activities. Some other activities include: providing first -aid for several public events such as Golden Gloves, the circus; and they participate in local parades, a field day, and car washes. The Local 421 I.A.F.,F. takes.pride in their Local and Department as, being one of the distinctive groups of professionals in the business. In order to provide this tradition as an on -going reality, the Local has provided financial assistance and training for the Explorers. The combined efforts of the Lansing Fire Department and Local 421 has provided one of the finest exploring programs in our communities. Their mutual interest in the program's success in reaching young people is - outstanding. 92