HomeMy WebLinkAbout13 Investment Policy City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
City of Lansing
Police & Fire Retirement System
Statement of Investment
Policies and Objectives
Statement of Investment Policies& Objectives
City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
Table of Contents
I. Purpose Page 1
II. General Goals Page 1
III. General Policies Pages 1- 3
IV. Investment Responsibilities Pages 3-4
V. Investment Manager Responsibilities Pages 4-5
VI. Investment Manager Guidelines and Restrictions Pages 6-9
VII. Performance Measurement Standards Pages 9-10
VIII. Performance Benchmarks Pages 10-12
IX. Securities Lending Page 12
Statement of Investment Policies& Objectives
City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
GENERAL INVESTMENT POLICY
I. PURPOSE
The purpose of this statement is to identify a set of general investment policies which the
joint Board (Board) currently consider appropriate for the City of Lansing Police & Fire
Retirement System ("System") and to provide guidance to the investment managers.
This statement shall be reviewed periodically and may be revised from time to time by
the Board to ensure that it properly reflects the investment policies of the City of Lansing
Police & Fire Retirement System.
II. GENERAL GOALS
The overall investment goal of the City of Lansing Police & Fire Retirement System is to
obtain a competitive rate-of-return on portfolio assets commensurate with the prudent
man rule, the Retirement System's risk taking ability (and Trustees' collective risk
tolerance), Michigan statutes governing the investment of public retirement funds and its
responsibility to provide retirement benefits for members, retirees and their beneficiaries.
The System also has as an objective to reduce costs incurred by the City of Lansing in
administration of the Retirement System. Other objectives of the System include
controlling risks, and achieving consistent returns. The Board has determined that the
annual performance of the Plan's assets should not vary dramatically from the established
benchmark nor should it vary substantially from returns achieved by other public pension
funds with similar goals and objectives. It is the intention of the Board to consistently
meet or exceed Plan objectives.
III. GENERAL POLICIES
A. Safety of Principal
Avoidance of financial risk (default or compromise of the financial integrity of the
issuer of a security) which is not to be confused with market risk (upward or
downward movement of security prices due to normal market fluctuations).
B. Earn an Investment Return at Least Equal to the Actuarial Interest Assumption
Exceed the interest assumption as calculated by the actuary. (This investment return
calculation does not necessarily recognize the full annual market value fluctuations of
securities held in the portfolio).
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
C. Diversification of Assets
Assets should be diversified both by general types of securities and by individual
issues in order to avoid undue exposure to any single type of security or individual
issue.
D. Maintain Portfolio Assets in Highly Marketable Form
1. To provide for unforeseen cash requirements of the Retirement System.
2. To allow basic restructuring of the portfolio if the System's needs change over
time.
3. To allow the investment managers, consistent with their specific objectives, to
manage the portfolios so as to optimize the long-term total rate-of-return on
investments. (Total rate-of-return is based on market value instead of book value
(or cost) and takes into consideration the fluctuations in the market prices of
securities. As noted above, this calculation may differ from the actuarial
calculation of return).
4. Investments made under Michigan Public Acts 314 of 1965 as amended within the
limitations prescribed below are accepted under this section.
E. Legal Limitations
The investment guidelines and restrictions as set forth in Michigan Public Acts 314 of
1965 as amended and any City of Lansing Ordinances shall be adhered to at all times.
F. Realized Gains and Losses
Capital gains and losses may be realized in both the common stock and fixed income
portfolios if the investment advisors believe such action is in the best interest of the
Retirement System, however, losses may be limited by certain guidelines as may
from time to time be set forth by the Board.
G. Asset Allocation
Based on its determination of the appropriate risk posture for the Pension Fund, and in
light of the higher expected long-term return from equity securities, the Board has
established the following asset-mix guidelines for the System:
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
Asset Class Minimum Target Maximum
Total Equity Investments 55.0% 60.0% 65.0%
Domestic Equity: Large Cap 22.0% 27.0% 32.0%
Domestic Equity: Small/Mid 5% 10.0% 15.0%
Cap
International Developed 9.0% 14.0% 19.0%
Markets Equity
Emerging Markets Equity 0% 4.0% 8.0%
Global Long/Short Equity 0.0% 5.0% 7.0%
Total Fixed Income 25.0% 30.0% 35.0%
Investments
Intermediate Bonds 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
Core Plus Bonds 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
Global Opportunistic Bonds 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
Real Assets (includes Real 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
Estate)
IV. INVESTMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
Several parties have responsibilities related to the investment of the System's assets.
These responsibilities are described briefly below:
Board of Trustees
The Board for the System has the responsibility for managing the investment process. In
fulfilling this responsibility, the Board will establish and maintain investment policies
and objectives. Within this framework, the Board will monitor and evaluate the
investment managers, bank custodian, and other parties, to monitor whether operations
conform to the guidelines and actual results meet objectives. If necessary, the Board is
responsible for making changes to achieve this.
Investment Managers
The investment managers will construct and manage investment portfolios. They will
select specific securities, buy and sell such securities, and modify the asset mix within the
guidelines. They will also allocate brokerage commissions and use only acceptable
investment vehicles as outlined in this statement. More detailed investment manager
responsibilities are outlined in the following section.
Bank Custodian
The bank custodian(s) will hold all cash and securities, and will regularly summarize
these holdings for the Trustee's review. In addition, a bank or trust depository
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
arrangement will be utilized to accept and hold cash prior to allocating it to the
investment manager, and to invest such cash in liquid, interest-bearing instruments.
Other Parties
Other parties with important responsibilities in the investment process are the Fund's
actuary and investment consultant. The Fund's actuary advises the Board as to the
impact of investment results on funding levels. The investment consultant assists the
Board in monitoring the investment results of the various investment managers and
portfolios on a quarterly basis, provides perspective on overall portfolio structure, helps
establish investment policy issues, and assists in investment manager and custodian bank
search and selection.
V. INVESTMENT MANAGER RESPONSIBILITIES
Each investment manager must invest assets in accordance with this General Investment
Policy and the specific objectives, goals, and limitations applicable to their segment of
the portfolio and adhere to their own investment philosophy as presented to the Board at
the time of their selection. Each manager shall comply at all times with all applicable
State and Federal laws and regulations concerning the investment of Pension assets,
particularly Michigan Public Acts 314 of 1965 as. Additionally, each manager must
provide periodic and effective communications to the Board, as follows:
A. Initially and/or as Necessary Thereafter
1. A written statement acknowledging the manager's acceptance of the performance
standards herein stated.
2. A written statement describing, in brief form, what specific investment program
each manager intends to undertake to achieve the objectives and goals herein
stated.
3. A written notification of any change in investment philosophy.
B. At Least Quarterly
1. Portfolio composition showing asset structure for each major class of security.
2. Positions by individual security, showing both cost and market value (except for
commingled assets, in which case, showing the unit position and unit value).
3. Portfolio transaction activity, including a summary of transactions which lists
brokers used and commissions generated.
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
C. At Least Annually
Participate in review meetings; the agenda to include, but not restricted to:
1. A review and reappraisal of the aforementioned investment program.
2. A commentary on investment results.
3. A synopsis of the key investment decisions made by the manager, the impact on
recorded results, and the underlying rationale.
4. A discussion of the manager's outlook, the specific investment decisions it may
trigger, and how it may impact future results.
D. Upon Written Request
1. Copies of all documentation and other reasonable explanations in support of any
buy sell or hold decision.
2. Certified financial statements of the investment management organization.
E. As a Matter of Course
1. Report material changes in ownership, organization structure, financial
conditions, senior staffing and management.
2. Report investment results for the total portfolio, as well as for fixed and equities
including cash equivalents, using time-weighted total rate-of-return.
3. The investment managers responsible for equities shall have complete discretion
with respect to the voting of proxies subject to the requirements of Michigan
Public Acts 314 of 1965 as amended. Further,the manager shall advise the Board
as to their proxy policies and report to the Board their proxy voting record on an
annual basis.
F. Cash Flow and Liquidity
Due to the maturity of the Police & Fire Retirement System and based on sound
actuarial assumptions, the Police & Fire Retirement System recognizes the need for
cash flow in excess of employer and employee contributions. As this portfolio is
structured with a"total return" objective and without specific income requirements,
the Board shall rebalance assets periodically towards target levels in order to meet
cash flow needs and to maintain proper asset allocation.
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City of Lansing Police & Fire Retirement System
VI. INVESTMENT MANAGER GUIDELIN ES AND RESTRICTIONS
The Board believes that investment decisions are best made when not restricted by
excessive procedure. Therefore, full discretion is delegated to the investment managers
to carry out investment policy within the guidelines herein stated.
The Trustees of the Police & Fire Retirement System have determined that under
regulatory restraints it is prudent to diversify by investment manager so as not to assume
undue risk as a result of over reliance on the success of one manager. Thus a multi
manager approach has been employed.
Asset managers will be employed to utilize individual expertise within their assigned area
of responsibility. Each manager will be governed by individual manager guidelines
which will serve as addenda to the Investment Policy.
Portfolio weightings shall be reviewed at least quarterly and redistributed to reflect the
Investment Manager Structure when excessive risk due to over weighting or under
weighting by management style occurs.
A. Investment Strategies
Investment strategies must be oriented to long-term investment horizons and
requirements for broadly diversified portfolios.
B. Asset Categories
Investment of Fund assets will be in three general categories:
1. Fixed Income
2. Equities (includes convertible bonds and convertible preferred stocks).
3. Real Assets (includes Real Estate)
C. Permissible Investments
Listed below are the investment vehicles specifically permitted currently under this
Statement of Investment Policies and Objectives. They are categorized as equity or
fixed income to indicate how they are classified for purposes of the asset-mix
guidelines in a subsequent section.
EQUITY FIXED INCOME
♦ Common Stocks ♦ Bonds(including Treasuries, Corporates, Government,
MBS, &ABS)
♦ Convertible Preferred Stocks ♦ GIC's, BIC's
♦ Convertible Bonds ♦ Cash-Equivalent Securities(e.g., U.S.
T-Bills, Commercial Paper, etc.)
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
♦ Certificates of Deposit in institutions
with FDIC/FSLIC protection
♦ Money Market Funds/Bank STIF Funds
♦ Preferred Stocks
The above assets can be held in commingled (mutual) funds as well as privately
managed separate accounts. Those investments prohibited by the Board without prior
approval are:
♦ Private Placement ♦ Short Sales
♦ Commodities Futures ♦ Index Options
♦ Warrants ♦ Structured Securities
♦ Leveraged Instruments
Some of the strategies identified above may be deployed within the Global
Long/Short Equity Fund of Funds selected by the System. As such, the Board
approves the use of these investments within the limited scope of the Global
Long/Short Equity allocation.
D. Equity Investments
The overall investment strategy of the Fund is to ultimately establish a commitment
of sixty percent (60%) of the total portfolio (defined as the current market value of all
investments) in equities for the System. Equity managers should be fully invested
most of the time; however, if the investment manager believes market conditions
warrant, he may reduce his equity holdings to no less than 90% of the market value of
the portfolio without prior consent of the Board. The portfolio will be invested in
marketable securities. Restricted or letter stock are not permitted. The selection of
securities will be at the discretion of each manager.
Within the Equity Investments, the System has made an allocation to Global
Long/Short Equities. The target allocation for this investment is 5% which is to be
invested in a"Fund of Funds" vehicle. A Fund of Funds is an investment strategy of
holding a portfolio of investment funds rather than owning individual securities.
Equity investments shall be made within the following framework:
1. Rate-of-Return Goal—The overall goal for the equity portfolios over a full market
cycle is to achieve a rate-of-return exceeding the S&P 500 Index (for large cap
managers, hedge fund of funds), Russell 2500 Index (for small/mid cap
managers), and the median relevant peer for domestic equity portfolios, the MSCI
EAFE Index and median relevant peer for developed international equity
portfolios and the MSCI Emerging Markets Small Cap Index (for EM small cap
managers) and MSCI Emerging Markets Index (for EM large/mid managers) and
median relevant peer for emerging markets equity portfolios.
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
2. Diversification—The manager is expected to prudently diversify the portfolio
across industry/economic sectors, number of securities, and size of positions.
Equity investment in any one company may not exceed 5% of the individual
manager's portfolio based on market price, or 5% of any one company's
outstanding equity.
E. Fixed Income Investments
Money market instruments should have a minimum quality rating comparable to an A
bond rating. Commercial paper should be rated Al/P1 unless held in a diversified
short-term commingled fund.
The fixed income and cash equivalents portion of the Funds should be invested to
preserve principal and achieve a net total return after management fees in excess of
the inflation rate. The portfolio will be invested in marketable securities. The
selection of securities will be at the discretion of each manager.
Fixed income investments shall be made within the following framework:
Rate-of-Return Goal—The overall goal for fixed income portfolios is to achieve a
rate-of-return exceeding the Barclay's Intermediate Government Bond Index for the
intermediate bond manager, the Barclays Capital Aggregate Index for the core plus
bond manager, the Barclays Capital Multiverse Index for the global opportunistic
bond manager and the relevant median peer bond manager over a full market cycle.
Quality Standards - Investment in Corporate Bonds shall only be in those companies
rated investment grade by at least two of three rating agencies (S&P, Moody's and
Fitch) for the intermediate portfolio. The core plus portfolio may include
opportunistic allocations to high yield, non-dollar, and emerging market bonds.
Allocations to each of these sectors will be at the discretion of the investment
manager and will be limited to 30% of the manager's portfolio. Unrated fixed income
securities may not be purchased. The global opportunistic portfolio has the flexibility
to invest in a broad range of fixed income securities including domestic, international
and emerging market debt. The manager will have the flexibility to invest in fixed
income obligations issued by national governments, government agencies,
supranational organizations, banks and corporations, based on their opportunistic
views of the market. The portfolio may include exposure to currencies other than the
U.S. dollar.
Diversification—The intermediate and core plus fixed income portfolios shall be
diversified by maturity and industry. The average duration should not deviate from
the manager's benchmark duration by +/- 20%. The diversification of the fixed-
income securities held in the global opportunistic portfolio is the responsibility ofthe
investment manager. The investment manager is expected to diversify the portfolio
sufficiently to minimize the risk of a large loss from a single security.
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
F. Real Estate Investments
The real estate portfolio is designed with a core mandate: investments in real estate
properties will be broadly diversified geographically, by property type, and number of
properties. While income and appreciation are dual considerations, more emphasis
will be placed on high quality, income-producing properties in the portfolio. The
manager should not assume excessive risk in terms of developmental properties or
leverage utilized.
The portfolio may be invested in commingled or partnership vehicles. The selection
of properties/investments will be at the discretion of each manager.
Rate-of-Return Goal—The overall goal for the real estate portfolios over a full market
cycle is to achieve a rate-of-return exceeding the NCREIF Index and median core real
estate manager.
Diversification—The Fund shall be well diversified by property type, number of
properties, and geographic location.
VII. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT STANDARDS
Performance will be reviewed in accordance with the following:
A. Relative to the Investment Policy Statement
The investment performance of any of the retained investment managers shall be
judged in relation to the primary guidelines, goals, and objectives of the Investment
Policy Statement.
B. Relative to Other Public Funds
The investment results shall be compared against a universe of other tax exempt
public funds giving due regard to the differences in investment objectives, restrictions
by the Board, and any restrictions imposed by State and local laws.
C. Market Cycles
In reviewing investment results the Board will emphasize results over full market
cycles (typically 3-5 years) rather than quarter to quarter or year to year standards.
D. Relative to General Market Indices
The equity and fixed income segments shall also be compared to broad market
indices that best reflect the portfolio composition. Performance comparisons will be
made versus appropriate benchmarks and peer groups.
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
E. Timely Basis
The performance measurement reports shall be delivered on a quarterly basis
measuring a composite of the total fund and each manager separately.
VIII. PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKS
Total Pension Fund Objectives
Both relative and absolute results will be considered in the evaluation of the total Pension
Fund's performance. Over a three to five year period, the total Pension Fund should:
♦ Outperform Inflation
The Pension Fund's annualized total return should exceed the annualized rate of
inflation as indicated by the Consumer Price Index by at least 1%.
♦ Exceed the Actuarial Assumption rate
The Pension Fund's annualized total return should equal or exceed the Fund's
actuarial interest rate assumption (currently 7.5% for the System).
♦ Meet specific performance benchmarks
The Pension Fund's total return should exceed the total return of an index composed
as follows:
32% Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index
10% Russell 2500 Index
18% MSCI ACWI ex U.S. Index
35% Barclays Capital Aggregate Bond Index
5% NCREIF Property Index
The Pension Fund's total return should rank at median or above as compared to a
universe of balanced portfolios with similar weightings in equities and fixed income.
Large Cap Equity:
♦ The total return of each portfolio, after fees, should exceed the total return of the
Standard & Poor's 500 Index.
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of all equity
oriented styles, and the equity portion of each portfolio should rank above median in
a universe of"equity only" managers.
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of the
manager's particular peer sample.
Small/Mid Cap Equity:
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
♦ The total return of the portfolio should exceed the total return of the Russell 2500
Index, and exceed the total return of the relevant style benchmark (Russell 2500
Growth and Russell 2500 Value).
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of equity
style peers.
Global Long/Short Equip, (Fund of Funds):
♦ The Primary emphasis of this portfolio should be on equity like returns with low
correlation to the long only equity markets. The portfolio should be managed in a
style that will provide less volatility in returns than the broad long only equity
markets so as to provide protection in down markets, but allow participation in up
markets.
♦ The S&P 500 Index shall be used for comparative purposes.
♦ The total return should rank above median in a universe of the manager's particular
peer universe (HFRI).
Developed International Equity:
♦ The total return of the portion of each portfolio invested in international equity
securities should exceed the total return of the MSCI EAFE Index.
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of
developed international equity oriented portfolios.
Emerging Markets Equity:
♦ The total return of each portfolio invested in emerging markets large/mid equity
should exceed the total return of the MSCI Emerging Markets Index.
♦ The total return of each portfolio invested in emerging markets small cap equity
should exceed the total return of the MSCI Emerging Markets Small Cap Index.
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of emerging
markets equity oriented portfolios.
Fixed Income:
♦ The total return of the intermediate fixed income portfolio, after fees, should exceed
the total return of the Barclays Intermediate Government Bond Index.
♦ The total return of the core plus fixed income portfolio, after fees, should exceed the
total return of the Barclays Capital Aggregate Bond Index.
♦ The total return of the global opportunistic fixed income portfolio, after fees, should
exceed the total return of the Barclays Capital Multiverse Index.
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of all fixed
income styles.
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in a universe of the
manager's particular peer sample.
Real Estate:
♦ The total return of each portfolio should exceed the total return of the NCREIF Index.
Although performance expectations are established for a market cycle, performance
comparisons to relevant benchmarks and peer groups will be on an on-going basis.
♦ The total return of each portfolio should rank above median in universe of real estate
fund peers.
IX. SECURITIES LENDING
1. Objective. The System seeks to earn an incremental level of income through a
securities lending program with lending practices consistent with the preservation of
capital. The Board has selected a securities lending agent"Agent"to perform the
securities lending function. The goal is minimize risk to a reasonable and acceptable
level with respect to both the broker/borrower and collateral investment.
2. Broker/Borrower Risk. Initial Collateral; Marking to Market. At the time of
loan, the broker/borrower shall deliver collateral in cash or U.S. government
securities not less than 100% market value of loaned security. Marking to market is
the process whereby on each business day, the Agent shall determine the market
value of the security loaned versus the value of the collateral provided by the
broker/borrower. If that collateral amount provided by the broker/borrower shall fall
below the value of the security loaned, the Agent shall require additional collateral be
provided by the broker/borrower. If the collateral amount provided by the
broker/borrower exceeds the value of the security loaned, the broker/borrower may
require that some portion of the collateral be returned.
3. Cash Collateral Investment. Cash collateral shall be invested in a commingled
fund established for the purpose of securities lending collateral investments and shall
be managed by the Agent. Investments shall be made in accordance with the
published investment guidelines.
4. Indirect participation in Securities Lending. The System has some investments in
pooled products that may engage in securities lending. These manager(s) shall make
the Board aware of this practice.
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City of Lansing Police& Fire Retirement System
Investment Policy Statement for the City of Lansing Police & Fire
Retirement System:
Amended April 1987
Amended May 1987
Amended May 1999
Amended December 2000
Amended February 2002
Amended February 2003
Amended February 2006
Amended February 2008
Amended March 2008
Amended August 2009
Amended March 2011
Amended November 2012
Amended June 2013
Amended November 2013
Amended December 2014
Statement of Goals&Objectives 13